Measuring Residents’ Perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility at Small- and Medium-Sized Sports Events
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Background
2.1. Stakeholders Theory in Sporting Events
2.2. CSR in Sporting Events
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Design and Sample
3.2. Measures
4. Results
Measurement Quality and Relationship between Variables
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
- The present research contributes methodologically by offering a valid and reliable multidimensional scale of measurement for the perception of CSR in sports events from the perspectives of residents on 33 items composed of three dimensions: “Sustainable Sports Activity” (16 items), “Social Cohesion” (11 items), and “Well-being” (6 items).
- These dimensions resulting from the CFA combine the indicators necessary to determine the residents’ perceptions of CSR implemented in a sports event. Actions linked to “Sustainable Sports Activity”, such as sports for all, the encouragement of physical activity, the promotion of good sports practices in the natural environment, cultural exchange, tourist development, etc.; “Social Cohesion”, such as promoting the value and conservation of historical and cultural heritage, the encouragement and development of local trade, investments in sports, the promotion of cultural activities, etc.; and “Well-being”, such as minimizing negative impacts, such as pollution, traffic congestion or roadblocks, entertainment, environmental conservation, etc., could, if integrated into the planning and organization of the event, make the event socially responsible.
- The final objective of this scale is to determine the perception of local residents on the CSR actions implemented in a small–medium scale sports event. It is important to highlight the difficulty of not having reference studies, so these results are the foundation for continuing this line of research.
6.1. Managerial Implications
6.2. Limitations and Future Research Lines
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Items | |
---|---|
1 | “La Ruta de las Fortalezas” promotes sports among youth. |
2 | It promotes the participation of women in sports. |
3 | It promotes sports participation in adulthood (30–40 years of age). |
4 | It promotes and increases knowledge about local sports clubs. |
5 | Interest in mountain running/athletics/physical activity is increasing among residents. |
6 | It increases my knowledge about the organization of this type of race. |
7 | It helps one positively consider the environmental protection of the territory. |
8 | “La Ruta de las Fortalezas” respects the conservation of natural resources. |
9 | It serves as a stimulus for the recovery and maintenance of historic roads and trails. |
10 | It contributes to improving the hospitality and solidarity of the city with the assistants and participants of the event. |
11 | I feel like I own the event. |
12 | It provides an opportunity to meet new people. |
13 | Celebrating this event in my city helps me feel good about myself and society as a whole. |
14 | This event improves my quality of life. |
15 | It attracts tourists to Cartagena. |
16 | “La Ruta de las Fortalezas” increases my pride as an inhabitant of Cartagena. |
17 | Through the event, the cultural heritage of the town is valued. |
18 | “La Ruta de las Fortalezas” serves as a stimulus for the preservation of local culture. |
19 | It provides an incentive for the restoration and maintenance of historic buildings. |
20 | It increases the knowledge of the cultural and historical heritage of the town. |
21 | The celebration of “La Ruta de las Fortalezas” encourages the promotion of local traditions. |
22 | It provides an opportunity for local business. |
23 | It helps generate opportunities for employment. |
24 | The celebration of “La Ruta de las Fortalezas” contributes to increasing the investments of the City Council in sports. |
25 | The educational activities (Congresses, etc.) of “La Ruta de las Fortalezas” culturally enrich the population of Cartagena. |
26 | It promotes the inclusion of groups under risk of social exclusion. |
27 | It promotes volunteering for the celebration of other events in Cartagena. |
28 | It makes it difficult for residents to access public spaces, streets, or roads. |
29 | It causes an increase in the prices of some products, such as food and/or services, in the locality. |
30 | It causes alterations in the population’s daily life (e.g., noises, traffic jams). |
31 | It causes the agglomeration and/or disorderly accumulation of people in the city. |
32 | This event causes noise pollution. |
33 | During its course, the event causes the deterioration of the environment (e.g., pollution, rubbish, erosion, etc.). |
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Sánchez-Sáez, J.A.; Segado Segado, F.; Calabuig-Moreno, F.; Gallardo Guerrero, A.M. Measuring Residents’ Perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility at Small- and Medium-Sized Sports Events. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 8798. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238798
Sánchez-Sáez JA, Segado Segado F, Calabuig-Moreno F, Gallardo Guerrero AM. Measuring Residents’ Perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility at Small- and Medium-Sized Sports Events. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(23):8798. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238798
Chicago/Turabian StyleSánchez-Sáez, Juan Antonio, Francisco Segado Segado, Ferran Calabuig-Moreno, and Ana Mª Gallardo Guerrero. 2020. "Measuring Residents’ Perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility at Small- and Medium-Sized Sports Events" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23: 8798. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238798