Nursing Students’ Attitudes towards Immigrants’ Social Rights
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
- -
- Socio-demographic variables: sex, cultural background, academic year, and faculty.
- -
- Dependent variables: the nursing students’ attitudes towards the social rights of immigrants.
2.2. Participants
2.3. Instrument
2.4. Procedure
2.5. Data Analysis
2.6. Ethical Considerations
3. Results
- -
- Variable: sex. No statistically significant differences based on the students’ sex were found with respect to the social rights of immigrants.
- -
- Variable: cultural background. Only the European and Berber cultural backgrounds were taken into account, as they were the most numerous. Significant differences were found in the items showing negative attitudes, with students of Berber origin having a better attitude than those of European origin (Table 3).
- -
- Variable: academic year. Statistically significant differences were found only in two items that showed positive attitudes: “Immigrants should enjoy the same working conditions as nationals do” and “All the people living in the same country, regardless of their origins or ethnicity, should have equal rights and obligations”. Third-year and fourth-year students had more prejudice regarding the first item, while second-year and fourth-year students had more prejudice regarding the second item. First-year students displayed a better attitude with respect to both items (Table 4).
- -
- Variable: faculty. Statistically significant differences were observed in three positive items: “It is desirable that immigrants be incorporated into our society as citizens with full rights”, “Immigrants should enjoy the same working conditions as nationals do”, and “All the people living in the same country, regardless of their origins or ethnicity, should have equal rights and obligations”, with students in Almeria displaying the best attitude. Statistically significant differences were observed in all the negative items, with students in Melilla and Ceuta having the poorest attitude (Table 5).
4. Discussion
Strengths and Limitations of this Study
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Positive Items | Faculty | SD (%) | D (%) | A (%) | SA (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
We must make greater efforts to provide immigrants with a higher quality of life | Melilla | 4.25 | 25.88 | 48.58 | 21.29 |
Ceuta | 4.29 | 23.62 | 50.64 | 21.45 | |
Almeria | 4.29 | 21.02 | 48.03 | 26.66 | |
It is desirable that immigrants be incorporated into our society as citizens with full rights | Melilla | 2.12 | 14.90 | 58.86 | 24.12 |
Ceuta | 3.02 | 16.37 | 59.06 | 21.55 | |
Almeria | 1.66 | 11.33 | 46.33 | 40.68 | |
Immigrants should enjoy the same working conditions as nationals | Melilla | 7.44 | 16.33 | 52.48 | 23.75 |
Ceuta | 6.46 | 19.39 | 49.13 | 25.02 | |
Almeria | 2.34 | 10.36 | 45.48 | 41.82 | |
I believe that undocumented immigrants should have full access to free education | Melilla | 15.95 | 30.85 | 35.10 | 18.10 |
Ceuta | 11.68 | 32.04 | 36.37 | 19.91 | |
Almeria | 14.06 | 25.75 | 32.44 | 27.75 | |
All the people living in the same country, regardless of their origins or ethnicity, should have equal rights and obligations | Melilla | 4.96 | 7.81 | 41.84 | 45.39 |
Ceuta | 1.29 | 8.62 | 45.26 | 44.83 | |
Almeria | 1.33 | 5.01 | 27.65 | 66.01 | |
Negative items | Faculty | SD (%) | D (%) | A (%) | SA (%) |
Sometimes immigrants receive more social benefits than the locals themselves | Melilla | 9.57 | 23.04 | 44.69 | 22.70 |
Ceuta | 8.93 | 20,44 | 41.27 | 29.36 | |
Almeria | 20.66 | 26.02 | 34.66 | 18.66 | |
Many immigrants take advantage of the health and social care resources that we have achieved through our efforts over many years | Melilla | 11.72 | 25.17 | 42.19 | 20.92 |
Ceuta | 11.11 | 23.51 | 37.17 | 28.21 | |
Almeria | 21.02 | 35.66 | 28.66 | 14.66 | |
I believe that illegal immigrants and their families should NOT have access to publicly funded healthcare | Melilla | 42.21 | 42.55 | 13.12 | 2.12 |
Ceuta | 32.75 | 46.98 | 13.79 | 6.48 | |
Almeria | 51.01 | 38.33 | 6.33 | 4.33 | |
To a great extent, publicly funded healthcare is overwhelmed by the increase in immigration | Melilla | 15.63 | 32.26 | 37.58 | 14.53 |
Ceuta | 19.05 | 31.17 | 34.63 | 15.15 | |
Almeria | 30.32 | 33.02 | 27.99 | 8.67 | |
Too many resources are allocated to caring for immigrants | Melilla | 17.37 | 50.72 | 26.95 | 4.96 |
Ceuta | 16.45 | 51.51 | 22.09 | 9.95 | |
Almeria | 32.01 | 44.66 | 17.32 | 6.01 | |
In the medium term, the massive arrival of immigrants will cause serious health and social problems | Melilla | 7.81 | 34.04 | 42.55 | 15.60 |
Ceuta | 7.81 | 35.93 | 37.22 | 19.04 | |
Almeria | 20.66 | 37.00 | 30.33 | 12.01 | |
I believe that only the children of legal immigrants should have the right to go to school for free | Melilla | 34.17 | 40.56 | 19.93 | 5.34 |
Ceuta | 27.51 | 42.80 | 23.14 | 6.55 | |
Almeria | 44.34 | 33.67 | 13.33 | 8.66 |
Statistics | Subscale | |
---|---|---|
N | 821 | |
M | 25.971 | |
SD | 6.8064 | |
Min | 12.00 | |
Max | 46.00 | |
PC | 50 | 26.000 |
75 | 31.000 |
Immigration and Social Rights. Negative Attitudes | Mean Range European–Berber | Sig |
---|---|---|
Sometimes immigrants receive more social benefits than the locals themselves | 408.71–277.75 | 0.000 |
Many immigrants take advantage of the health and social care resources that we have achieved through our efforts over many years | 407.46–285.77 | 0.001 |
I believe that illegal immigrants and their families should NOT have access to publicly funded healthcare | 404.22–310.17 | 0.000 |
In the medium term, the massive arrival of immigrants will cause serious health and social problems | 402.91–324.77 | 0.007 |
Items | Academic Year | χ2 | Mean Range | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Immigrants should enjoy the same working conditions as nationals do | 1st | 15.515 | 365.52 | 0.001 |
2nd | 410.72 | |||
3rd | 436.33 | |||
4th | 433.65 | |||
All the people living in the same country, regardless of their origins or ethnicity, should have equal rights and obligations | 1st | 16.191 | 365.74 | 0.001 |
2nd | 436.82 | |||
3rd | 413.55 | |||
4th | 430.53 |
Positive Items | Faculty | χ2 | Mean Range | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
It is desirable that immigrants be incorporated into our society as citizens with full rights | Melilla | 24.546 | 428.00 | 0.000 |
Ceuta | 443.92 | |||
Almeria | 360.07 | |||
Immigrants should enjoy the same working conditions as nationals do | Melilla | 33.910 | 440.44 | 0.000 |
Ceuta | 441.08 | |||
Almeria | 349.02 | |||
All the people living in the same country, regardless of their origins or ethnicity, should have equal rights and obligations | Melilla | 32.431 | 441.57 | 0.000 |
Ceuta | 437.03 | |||
Almeria | 352.64 | |||
Negative Items | Faculty | χ2 | Mean range | p |
Sometimes immigrants receive more social benefits than the locals themselves | Melilla | 24.175 | 423.86 | 0.000 |
Ceuta | 453.05 | |||
Almeria | 360.53 | |||
Many immigrants take advantage of the health and social care resources that we have achieved through our efforts over many years | Melilla | 34.014 | 432.15 | 0.000 |
Ceuta | 455.93 | |||
Almeria | 349.28 | |||
I believe that illegal immigrants and their families should NOT have access to publicly funded healthcare | Melilla | 20.311 | 408.73 | 0.000 |
Ceuta | 454.86 | |||
Almeria | 369.72 | |||
To a great extent, publicly funded healthcare is overwhelmed by the increase in immigration | Melilla | 23.650 | 441.80 | 0.000 |
Ceuta | 429.11 | |||
Almeria | 357.27 | |||
Too many resources are allocated to caring for immigrants | Melilla | 19.603 | 428.76 | 0.000 |
Ceuta | 437.63 | |||
Almeria | 362.96 | |||
In the medium term, the massive arrival of immigrants will cause serious health and social problems | Melilla | 24.426 | 435.74 | 0.000 |
Ceuta | 437.50 | |||
Almeria | 356.50 | |||
I believe that only the children of legal immigrants should have the right to go to school for free | Melilla | 11.941 | 409.49 | 0.003 |
Ceuta | 441.09 | |||
Almeria | 374.60 |
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Sánchez-Ojeda, M.A.; Navarro-Prado, S.; Martín-Salvador, A.; Luque-Vara, T.; Fernández-Gómez, E.; Plaza del Pino, F.J. Nursing Students’ Attitudes towards Immigrants’ Social Rights. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 8875. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238875
Sánchez-Ojeda MA, Navarro-Prado S, Martín-Salvador A, Luque-Vara T, Fernández-Gómez E, Plaza del Pino FJ. Nursing Students’ Attitudes towards Immigrants’ Social Rights. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(23):8875. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238875
Chicago/Turabian StyleSánchez-Ojeda, María Angustias, Silvia Navarro-Prado, Adelina Martín-Salvador, Trinidad Luque-Vara, Elisabet Fernández-Gómez, and Fernando Jesús Plaza del Pino. 2020. "Nursing Students’ Attitudes towards Immigrants’ Social Rights" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23: 8875. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238875