Multimorbidity Analysis of 13 Systemic Diseases in Northeast China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Ethics Statement
2.3. Data Collection
2.4. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Barnett, K.; Mercer, S.W.; Norbury, M.; Watt, G.; Wyke, S.; Guthrie, B. Epidemiology of multimorbidity and implications for health care, research, and medical education: A cross-sectional study. Lancet 2012, 380, 37–43. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Marengoni, A.; Winblad, B.; Karp, A.; Fratiglioni, L. Prevalence of chronic diseases and multimorbidity among the elderly population in Sweden. Am. J. Public Health 2008, 98, 1198–1200. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Ng, S.K.; Tawiah, R.; Sawyer, M.; Scuffham, P. Patterns of multimorbid health conditions: A systematic review of analytical methods and comparison analysis. Int. J. Epidemiol. 2018, 47, 1687–1704. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Prados-Torres, A.; Calderon-Larranaga, A.; Hancco-Saavedra, J.; Poblador-Plou, B.; van den Akker, M. Multimorbidity patterns: A systematic review. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 2014, 67, 254–266. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Salisbury, C.; Man, M.S.; Bower, P.; Guthrie, B.; Chaplin, K.; Gaunt, D.M.; Brookes, S.; Fitzpatrick, B.; Gardner, C.; Hollinghurst, S.; et al. Management of multimorbidity using a patient-centred care model: A pragmatic cluster-randomised trial of the 3D approach. Lancet 2018, 392, 41–50. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kernick, D.; Chew-Graham, C.A.; O’Flynn, N. Clinical assessment and management of multimorbidity: NICE guideline. Br. J. Gen. Pract. 2017, 67, 235–236. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Moffat, K.; Mercer, S.W. Challenges of managing people with multimorbidity in today’s healthcare systems. BMC Fam. Pract. 2015, 16, 129. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Hu, R.H.; Hsiao, F.Y.; Chen, L.J.; Huang, P.T.; Hsu, W.W. Increasing age- and gender-specific burden and complexity of multimorbidity in Taiwan, 2003–2013: A cross-sectional study based on nationwide claims data. BMJ Open 2019, 9, e28333. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Pefoyo, A.J.; Bronskill, S.E.; Gruneir, A.; Calzavara, A.; Thavorn, K.; Petrosyan, Y.; Maxwell, C.J.; Bai, Y.; Wodchis, W.P. The increasing burden and complexity of multimorbidity. BMC Public Health 2015, 15, 415. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Laires, P.A.; Perelman, J. The current and projected burden of multimorbidity: A cross-sectional study in a Southern Europe population. Eur. J. Ageing 2019, 16, 181–192. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, S.B.; D’Arcy, C.; Yu, Y.Q.; Li, B.; Liu, Y.W.; Tao, Y.C.; Wu, Y.H.; Zhang, Q.Q.; Xu, Z.Q.; Fu, Y.L.; et al. Prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in northeastern China: A cross-sectional study. Public Health 2015, 129, 1539–1546. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Wang, H.H.; Wang, J.J.; Wong, S.Y.; Wong, M.C.; Li, F.J.; Wang, P.X.; Zhou, Z.H.; Zhu, C.Y.; Griffiths, S.M.; Mercer, S.W. Epidemiology of multimorbidity in China and implications for the healthcare system: Cross-sectional survey among 162,464 community household residents in southern China. BMC Med. 2014, 12, 188. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Mori, T.; Hamada, S.; Yoshie, S.; Jeon, B.; Jin, X.; Takahashi, H.; Iijima, K.; Ishizaki, T.; Tamiya, N. The associations of multimorbidity with the sum of annual medical and long-term care expenditures in Japan. BMC Geriatr. 2019, 19, 69. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chen, W.; Safari, A.; FitzGerald, J.M.; Sin, D.D.; Tavakoli, H.; Sadatsafavi, M. Economic burden of multimorbidity in patients with severe asthma: A 20-year population-based study. Thorax 2019. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ye, J.; Li, Z.; Lv, Y.; An, L.; Yu, J.; Guo, X.; Yao, Y.; Yu, Y.; Jin, L. Associations of Blood Pressure with the Factors among Adults in Jilin Province: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Quantile Regression Analysis. Sci. Rep. 2017, 7. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Liu, X.; Gu, W.; Li, Z.; Lei, H.; Li, G.; Huang, W. Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and associated factors in Southwest China: An update. J. Hypertens. 2017, 35, 637–644. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Olack, B.; Wabwire-Mangen, F.; Smeeth, L.; Montgomery, J.M.; Kiwanuka, N.; Breiman, R.F. Risk factors of hypertension among adults aged 35-64 years living in an urban slum Nairobi, Kenya. BMC Public Health 2015, 15, 1251. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Sakib, M.N.; Shooshtari, S.; St. John, P.; Menec, V. The prevalence of multimorbidity and associations with lifestyle factors among middle-aged Canadians: An analysis of Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging data. BMC Public Health 2019, 19. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nguyen, H.; Manolova, G.; Daskalopoulou, C.; Vitoratou, S.; Prince, M.; Prina, A.M. Prevalence of multimorbidity in community settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. J. Comorb. 2019, 9, 2235042X-19870934X. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Harding, A. Actor-Network-Theory and Micro-Learning Networks. Educ. Prim. Care 2017, 28, 295–296. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jin, L.; Guo, X.; Dou, J.; Liu, B.; Wang, J.; Li, J.; Sun, M.; Sun, C.; Yu, Y.; Yao, Y. Multimorbidity Analysis According to Sex and Age towards Cardiovascular Diseases of Adults in Northeast China. Sci. Rep. 2018, 8, 8607. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Starfield, B. Global health, equity, and primary care. J. Am. Board Fam. Med. 2007, 20, 511–513. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Agborsangaya, C.B.; Ngwakongnwi, E.; Lahtinen, M.; Cooke, T.; Johnson, J.A. Multimorbidity prevalence in the general population: The role of obesity in chronic disease clustering. BMC Public Health 2013, 13, 1161. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Quinaz, R.G.; Kislaya, I.; Salvador, M.R.; Cunha, G.S.; Nunes, B.; Dias, C. Multimorbidity in Portugal: Results from The First National Health Examination Survey. Acta Med. Port. 2019, 32, 30–37. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ishizaki, T.; Kobayashi, E.; Fukaya, T.; Takahashi, Y.; Shinkai, S.; Liang, J. Association of physical performance and self-rated health with multimorbidity among older adults: Results from a nationwide survey in Japan. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2019, 84, 103964. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dhalwani, N.N.; O’Donovan, G.; Zaccardi, F.; Hamer, M.; Yates, T.; Davies, M.; Khunti, K. Long terms trends of multimorbidity and association with physical activity in older English population. Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. 2016, 13. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- World Health Organization. World Health Statistics 2015; WHO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2015. [Google Scholar]
- Yu, J.; Tao, Y.; Dou, J.; Ye, J.; Yu, Y.; Jin, L. The dose-response analysis between BMI and common chronic diseases in northeast China. Sci. Rep. 2018, 8, 4228. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Muga, M.A.; Owili, P.O.; Hsu, C.Y.; Rau, H.H.; Chao, J.C. Association between Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults in Taiwan: A Population-Based Study from 2003 to 2012. PLoS ONE 2016, 11, e157745. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Park, K.; Son, J.; Jang, J.; Kang, R.; Chung, H.K.; Lee, K.W.; Lee, S.M.; Lim, H.; Shin, M.J. Unprocessed Meat Consumption and Incident Cardiovascular Diseases in Korean Adults: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). Nutrients 2017, 9, 498. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Fried, T.R.; O’Leary, J.; Towle, V.; Goldstein, M.K.; Trentelange, M.; Martin, D.K. The effects of comorbidity on the benefits and harms of treatment for chronic disease: A systematic review. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e112593. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Lee, P.G.; Cigolle, C.; Blaum, C. The co-occurrence of chronic diseases and geriatric syndromes: The health and retirement study. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2009, 57, 511–516. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yang, T.; Gbaguidi, A.; Yan, P.; Zhang, W.; Zhu, L.; Yao, X.; Wang, Z.; Chen, H. Model elucidating the sources and formation mechanisms of severe haze pollution over Northeast mega-city cluster in China. Environ. Pollut. 2017, 230, 692–700. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Teng, B.; Zhang, X.; Yi, C.; Zhang, Y.; Ye, S.; Wang, Y.; Tong, D.; Lu, B. The Association between Ambient Air Pollution and Allergic Rhinitis: Further Epidemiological Evidence from Changchun, Northeastern China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 226. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Yu, J.; Ma, Y.; Yang, S.; Pang, K.; Yu, Y.; Tao, Y.; Jin, L. Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease and Their Clustering among Adults in Jilin (China). Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2016, 13, 70. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
n (%) | 1 | 2 | ≥3 | χ2 | P | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All patients | 1,155,734 (100%) | 598,120 (51.75%) | 354,787 (30.70%) | 202,827 (17.55%) | ||
Gender | ||||||
Male | 608,943 (52.69%) | 297,967 (48.93%) | 196,980 (32.35%) | 113,996 (18.72%) | 4125.02 | <0.001 |
Female | 546,791 (47.31%) | 300,153 (54.89%) | 157,807 (28.86%) | 88,831 (16.25%) | ||
Age (years) | ||||||
0~ | 55,198 (4.78%) | 37,385 (67.73%) | 13,519 (24.49%) | 4294 (7.78%) | 32,416.92 | <0.001 |
18~ | 116,520 (10.08%) | 80,048 (68.70%) | 26,167 (22.46%) | 10,305 (8.84%) | ||
45~ | 420,757 (36.41%) | 218,663 (51.97%) | 128,460 (30.53%) | 73,634 (17.50%) | ||
65~ | 466,980 (40.41%) | 226,908 (48.59%) | 146,190 (31.31%) | 93,882 (20.10%) | ||
85~ | 96,279 (8.33%) | 35,116 (36.47%) | 40,451 (42.01%) | 20,712 (21.51%) | ||
Health insurance schemes | ||||||
UEBMI | 521,337 (45.11%) | 259,243 (49.73%) | 157,185 (30.15%) | 104,909 (20.12%) | 24,816.04 | <0.001 |
URBMI | 248,988 (21.54%) | 119,751 (48.10%) | 82,401 (33.09%) | 46,836 (18.81%) | ||
NRCMS | 197,144 (17.06%) | 116,834 (59.26%) | 54,593 (27.69%) | 25,717 (13.04%) | ||
USP | 151,632 (13.12%) | 92,223 (60.82%) | 44,127 (29.10%) | 15,282 (10.08%) | ||
Others * | 36,633 (3.17%) | 10,069 (27.49%) | 16,481 (44.99%) | 10,083 (27.52%) |
The Name of the Systemic Diseases | Abbreviation |
---|---|
Neoplasms | Neo |
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism | BBI |
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | ENM |
Mental and behavioral disorders | MB |
Diseases of the nervous system | NerS |
Diseases of the eye and adnexa | EA |
Diseases of the ear and mastoid process | EM |
Diseases of the circulatory system | CirS |
Diseases of the respiratory system | ResS |
Diseases of the digestive system | DigS |
Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | SkSt |
Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | MuSC |
Diseases of the genitourinary system | GenS |
Men | Women | |
---|---|---|
1 | ENM-CirS (18.50%) | ENM-CirS (16.73%) |
2 | CirS-ResS (13.37%) | CirS-ResS (9.08%) |
3 | ENM-ResS (6.06%) | CirS-GenS (5.87%) |
4 | NerS-CirS (5.22%) | CirS-DigS (5.28%) |
5 | CirS-DigS (5.05%) | ENM-ResS (5.07%) |
6 | ENM-NerS (4.77%) | NerS-CirS (4.46%) |
7 | ENM-DigS (4.68%) | ENM-DigS (4.41%) |
8 | CirS-GenS (4.29%) | ENM-GenS (4.23%) |
9 | ENM-GenS (3.87%) | BBI-GenS (4.22%) |
10 | ResS-DigS (3.35%) | ENM-NerS (3.90%) |
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Yu, J.; Song, F.; Li, Y.; Zheng, Z.; Jia, H.; Sun, Y.; Jin, L.; Yu, X. Multimorbidity Analysis of 13 Systemic Diseases in Northeast China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 1817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061817
Yu J, Song F, Li Y, Zheng Z, Jia H, Sun Y, Jin L, Yu X. Multimorbidity Analysis of 13 Systemic Diseases in Northeast China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(6):1817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061817
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu, Jianxing, Fangying Song, Yingying Li, Zhou Zheng, Huanhuan Jia, Yuzhe Sun, Lina Jin, and Xihe Yu. 2020. "Multimorbidity Analysis of 13 Systemic Diseases in Northeast China" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 6: 1817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061817