Impact of Work–Family Conflict, Job Stress and Job Satisfaction on Seafarer Performance
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample and Data Collection
2.2. Analysis
2.3. Measures
2.3.1. WFC
2.3.2. Job Stress
2.3.3. Job Satisfaction
2.3.4. Job Performance
3. Results
3.1. Respondent Characteristic
3.2. Preliminary Data Analysis
3.3. Hierarchical Regression Analysis
4. Discussion
4.1. Practical Implications
4.2. Limitations and Future Directions
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Demographics | Frequency (n = 337) | Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|
Race | ||
Asian (Chinese, Filipino, etc.) | 284 | 84.3 |
European (British, etc.) | 36 | 10.7 |
Others (American, etc.) | 17 | 5.0 |
Rank | ||
Officer | 90 | 26.7 |
Engineer | 67 | 19.9 |
Rating, Crew | 163 | 48.4 |
Catering | 17 | 5.0 |
Education | ||
University or above | 84 | 24.9 |
College | 147 | 43.6 |
High school or below | 106 | 31.5 |
Work experience (Years) | ||
0–1 | 12 | 3.6 |
2–5 | 42 | 12.4 |
6–10 | 75 | 22.3 |
11–20 | 141 | 41.8 |
>20 | 67 | 19.9 |
Age | ||
18–29 | 83 | 24.6 |
30–39 | 138 | 41.0 |
40–59 | 111 | 32.9 |
59+ | 5 | 1.5 |
Marital status | ||
Married | 265 | 78.6 |
Unmarried | 72 | 21.4 |
Work–Family Conflict | Job Stress | Job Satisfaction | Job Performance | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Number of items | 6 | 5 | 2 | 3 |
α | 0.90 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.92 |
M | 2.62 | 2.45 | 3.75 | 4.01 |
SD | 0.67 | 0.81 | 0.95 | 0.62 |
Skewness | 0.317 | 0.302 | 0.874 | 0.354 |
Kurtosis | −0.294 | −0.309 | 0.672 | 0.365 |
Work–family conflict | 1 | |||
Job stress | 0.679 * | 1 | ||
Job satisfaction | −0.445 ** | −0.486 ** | 1 | |
Job performance | −0.366 * | −0.557 * | 0.217 ** | 1 |
Measures | Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Factor 3 |
---|---|---|---|
I have to miss family activities due to the amount of time I must spend on work responsibilities. | 0.758 | 0.175 | 0.033 |
I have to miss work activities due to the amount of time I must spend on family responsibilities. | 0.494 | 0.002 | 0.257 |
I am often so emotionally drained when I get home from work that it prevents me from contributing to my family. | 0.705 | 0.077 | 0.187 |
Because I am often stressed from family responsibilities, I have a hard time concentrating on my work. | 0.696 | 0.214 | 0.085 |
The behaviors I perform that make me effective at work do not help me to be a better parent and spouse. | 0.743 | 0.011 | 0.366 |
Behavior that is effective and necessary for me at home would be counterproductive at work. | 0.669 | 0.201 | 0.288 |
There is insufficient work-life balance for me. | 0.056 | 0.689 | 0.126 |
There is insufficient co-workers’ support at work. | 0.321 | 0.701 | −0.261 |
There is insufficient shore-staff support at work. | 0.083 | 0.741 | −0.272 |
My working hours and work schedules in the ship are not well-planned. | 0.178 | 0.636 | −0.330 |
The working and living conditions in ships are not acceptable. | −0.007 | 0.758 | −0.264 |
I am satisfied with my job. | −0.027 | 0.030 | 0.524 |
I am satisfied with my company. | 0.114 | 0.095 | 0.701 |
Eigenvalue | 5.62 | 1.85 | 1.08 |
Percentage of variance | 45.10 | 14.57 | 10.10 |
Acuminated percentage | 45.10 | 59.67 | 69.76 |
Model and Predictors | β | p | R2 | Adjusted R2 | F | Significance of F | Durbin–Watson |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model One | 0.057 | 0.040 | 3.328 | 0.003 | 1.857 | ||
Race | −0.187 | 0.051 | |||||
Rank | −0.063 | 0.296 | |||||
Education | 0.084 | 0.157 | |||||
Work experience | 0.029 | 0.702 | |||||
Age | −0.164 | 0.056 | |||||
Marital status | −0.110 | 0.089 | |||||
Model Two | 0.671 | 0.651 | 24.815 | 0.029 | 1.753 | ||
Race | −0.194 | 0.132 | |||||
Rank | −0.071 | 0.238 | |||||
Education | 0.112 | 0.066 | |||||
Work experience | 0.018 | 0.243 | |||||
Age | −0.169 | 0.131 | |||||
Marital status | −0.116 | 0.073 | |||||
Work–family conflict | −0.123 ** | 0.029 | |||||
Model Three | 0.688 | 0.663 | 23.138 | 0.045 | 1.701 | ||
Race | −0.196 | 0.068 | |||||
Rank | −0.073 | 0.223 | |||||
Education | 0.144 | 0.019 | |||||
Work experience | 0.024 | 0.751 | |||||
Age | −0.192 | 0.074 | |||||
Marital status | −0.122 | 0.058 | |||||
Work–family conflict | −0.104 | 0.064 | |||||
Job stress | −0.063 *** | 0.003 | |||||
Job satisfaction | 0.163 *** | 0.009 | |||||
Model Four | 0.639 | 0.607 | 36.382 | 0.000 | 2.014 | ||
Race | −0.196 | 0.131 | |||||
Rank | −0.073 | 0.214 | |||||
Education | 0.116 | 0.056 | |||||
Work experience | 0.019 | 0.907 | |||||
Age | −0.186 | 0.115 | |||||
Marital status | −0.122 | 0.051 | |||||
WFC | −0.968 *** | 0.004 | |||||
JST | 0.475 | 0.200 | |||||
JSA | 0.168 ** | 0.014 | |||||
WFC × JST | 0.111 | 0.055 | |||||
WFC × JSA | 0.185 ** | 0.012 | |||||
JST × JSA | −0.280 *** | 0.000 |
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Share and Cite
An, J.; Liu, Y.; Sun, Y.; Liu, C. Impact of Work–Family Conflict, Job Stress and Job Satisfaction on Seafarer Performance. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 2191. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072191
An J, Liu Y, Sun Y, Liu C. Impact of Work–Family Conflict, Job Stress and Job Satisfaction on Seafarer Performance. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(7):2191. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072191
Chicago/Turabian StyleAn, Ji, Yun Liu, Yujie Sun, and Chen Liu. 2020. "Impact of Work–Family Conflict, Job Stress and Job Satisfaction on Seafarer Performance" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7: 2191. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072191