Chronic Health Conditions in Aging Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Method
2.1. Participants
2.2. Instrument
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sociodemographic Data | ID (n = 1040) % (n) | Non-ID (n = 12,172) % (n) |
---|---|---|
Age | ||
44–64 | 87.2 (907) | 54.8 (6669) |
65 and over | 12.8 (133) | 45.2 (5503) |
Gender | ||
Male | 49.5 (515) | 43.3 (5265) |
Female | 50.5 (525) | 56.7 (6907) |
Place of residence | ||
Residential settings | 53.5 (554) | - |
Family home | 37.7 (15) | 100 (12,172) |
Supported living | 8.2 (85) | - |
Other places of residence | 0.6 (6) | - |
Sociodemographic Data | % (n) |
---|---|
Gender | |
Male | 24.3 (88) |
Female | 75.7 (274) |
Relationship with the person evaluated | |
Professionals | 58.3 (211) |
Mean age | 40.7 |
Professional position | |
Management or technical positions | 35.9 |
Caregivers | 21.4 |
Psychologists | 19.4 |
Educators | 13.1 |
Social workers | 6.8 |
Occupational therapists | 1.9 |
Doctors | 1.5 |
Relatives | 40.0 (145) |
Mean age | 64.7 |
Family relationship | |
Siblings | 48.3 |
Parents | 41.4 |
Other relatives | 10.3 |
Other relationships | 1.7 (6) |
Frequency of contact with the person evaluated | |
Daily | 74.3 |
Weekly | 22.0 |
Several times per month | 3.7 |
Survey Section | Examples of Questions |
---|---|
Health status of the person with ID over the age of 44 | Does the individual present any of the following chronic health diseases as diagnosed by a healthcare professional? Hypertension Myocardial infarction Other heart diseases Osteoarticular diseases Chronic back pain Allergy Asthma Lung diseases Diabetes Stomach ulcer Urinary incontinence Hypercholesterolemia Cataract Chronic constipation Cerebrovascular accidents or CVAs Migraines Malignant tumors Osteoporosis Thyroid disorders Obesity |
Number of accidents | During the last twelve months, has the person with intellectual disability suffered an accident of any kind, including poisoning or burns? |
Participation restrictions | During the past two weeks, has the person had to reduce or limit his or her usual activities because of any pain or symptoms? |
Limitations in daily life activities | Thinking about the last six months, to what extent has the person been limited in carrying out the activities that people usually do because of a healthcare problem? |
Hearing and sight characteristics | Does he or she need glasses or contact lenses? Does he or she need a hearing aid? |
Use of healthcare services | How long has it been since the person have his or her last health check? |
Hospitalizations, use of emergency services and healthcare insurance | In the last twelve months, has the person used an emergency service for any problem or illness? In the last twelve months, have the person not received medical assistance the he or she needed? |
Medication intake | Please list all medications the person is taking, indicating which one has been prescribed by a physician |
Preventive practices | Has the person ever visited a gynecologist or urologist? |
Other determinants of health | Does the person smoke? |
Chronic Health Condition | Power (1-β) | Intellectual Disability (%) | General Population (%) | χ2 | p-Value | V Cramer | Odds Ratio (ID/No ID) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Allergy | 1.00 | 5.7 | 11.3 (11.7) | 29.6 (33.1) | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.05 (0.05) | 0.47 (0.45) |
Asthma | 1.00 | 1.9 | 4.9 (4.5) | 17.6 (14.8) | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.04 (0.04) | 0.38 (0.42) |
Cataract | 1.00 | 9.9 | 17.3 (9) | 36.34 (0.09) | <0.001 (0.342) | 0.05 (0) | 0.52 (1.1) |
Chronic back pain | 0.94 | 10.4 | 35.3 (33.4) | 258.2 (223) | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.14 (0.15) | 0.21 (0.23) |
Chronic constipation | 0.97 | 16.2 | 6.5 (5) | 128.69 (196) | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.1 (0.14) | 2.77 (3.67) |
CVAs | 1.00 | 1.6 | 1.9 (1.3) | 0.2 (0.5) | 0.655 (0.483) | 0.01 (0) | 0.86 (1.21) |
Diabetes | 1.00 | 8.9 | 13.4 (10.4) | 17.2 (2.15) | <0.001 (0.142) | 0.04 (0.01) | 0.62 (0.85) |
Hypercholesterolemia | 1.00 | 16.6 | 31.2 (29.1) | 94.2 (70.5) | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.09 (0.08) | 0.43 (0.48) |
Hypertension | 1.00 | 16.6 | 38.4 (31.7) | 185.2 (95.6) | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.12 (0.10) | 0.32 (0.42) |
Lung disease | 1.00 | 3.9 | 7.2 (5.8) | 15.44 (6.4) | <0.001 (0.011) | 0.04 (0.02) | 0.52 (0.65) |
Malignant tumors | 0.98 | 2.4 | 5.2 (4.3) | 14.4 (8.1) | <0.001 (0.004) | 0.03 (0.02) | 0.45 (0.54) |
Myocardial infarction | 1.00 | 0.6 | 3.4 (2.4) | 22.81 (13.4) | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.04 (0.03) | 0.38 (0.25) |
Migraines | 0.90 | 5.3 | 11 (11.1) | 31.09 (31.5) | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.05 (0.05) | 0.45 (0.44) |
Obesity | 1.00 | 25.3 | 19.8 (20.3) | 17.3(13.8) | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.04 (0.037) | 1.37 (1.33) |
Osteoarticular disorders | 0.86 | 16.9 | 36.9 (28.7) | 161.47 (63.3) | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.11 (0.08) | 0.34 (0.50) |
Osteoporosis | 1.00 | 6.8 | 8.6 (6.5) | 3.44 (0.08) | 0.064 (0.76) | 0.02 (0) | 0.77 (1.00) |
Other heart diseases | 0.57 | 7.2 | 10.7 (7.1) | 11.78 (0.03) | <0.001 (0.84) | 0.03 (0) | 0.65 (1.03) |
Stomach ulcer | 1.00 | 2.3 | 6.9 (6.5) | 32.2 (28.2) | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.05 (0.05) | 0.31 (0.33) |
Thyroid disorders | 0.77 | 12.4 | 7.7 (7.7) | 25.84 (26) | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.05 (0.05) | 1.69 (1.70) |
Urinary incontinence | 1.00 | 18.7 | 6.4 (3.8) | 205.81 (396) | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.13 (0.20) | 3.34 (5.77) |
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García-Domínguez, L.; Navas, P.; Verdugo, M.Á.; Arias, V.B. Chronic Health Conditions in Aging Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 3126. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093126
García-Domínguez L, Navas P, Verdugo MÁ, Arias VB. Chronic Health Conditions in Aging Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(9):3126. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093126
Chicago/Turabian StyleGarcía-Domínguez, Laura, Patricia Navas, Miguel Ángel Verdugo, and Víctor B. Arias. 2020. "Chronic Health Conditions in Aging Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9: 3126. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093126