Relationship between the Condylion–Gonion–Menton Angle and Dentoalveolar Heights
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Subjects
- Caucasian race,
- age ≥ 8, and
- a good quality lateral X-ray.
- patients with systemic diseases,
- patients with genetic syndromes,
- previous orthodontic treatment, and
- a history of obstructed nose breathing.
2.2. Cephalometric Evaluation
- UADH: upper anterior dental height measured as the perpendicular distance from the maxillary incisor edge to the palatal plane (mm),
- LADH: lower anterior dental height measured as the perpendicular distance from the mandibular central incisor edge to the mandibular plane (mm),
- UPDH: upper posterior dental height measured as the perpendicular distance from the mesiobuccal cusp tip of the maxillary first molar to the palatal plane (mm), and
- LPDH: lower posterior dental height measured as the perpendicular distance from the mesiobuccal cusp tip of the mandibular first molar to the mandibular plane (mm).
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | N | Mean ± SD | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|
Age | 270 | 15.6 ± 5.9 | 14.9–16.3 |
Gender | N | Percentage % | |
Male | 115 | 15.5 ±5.2 | 14.5–16.5 |
Female | 155 | 15.7 ± 6.4 | 14.7–16.7 |
Variables | Mean ± SD | 95% CI |
---|---|---|
CoGoMe^ | 127.1 ± 7.7 | 126.2, 128.0 |
SN^GoGn | 31.9 ± 6.8 | 31.1, 32.7 |
UADH | 28.6 ± 3.7 | 28.1, 29.0 |
LADH | 39.3 ± 4.7 | 38.7, 39.8 |
UPDH | 22.4 ± 3.6 | 22.0, 22.8 |
LPDH | 29.0 ± 4.1 | 28.5, 29.5 |
Number of Subjects | CoGoMe^ | UADH | LADH | UPDH | LPDH | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
t | p-Value | t | p-Value | t | p-Value | t | p-Value | t | p-Value | ||
Total (270) | SN^GoGn | 0.656 | <0.001 | 0.145 | 0.017 | 0.006 | 0.928 | −0.015 | 0.807 | −0.078 | 0.201 |
CoGoMe^ | −0.021 | 0.733 | −0.118 | 0.053 | −0.102 | 0.095 | −0.183 | 0.003 | |||
UADH | 0.774 | <0.001 | 0.779 | <0.001 | 0.659 | <0.001 | |||||
LADH | 0.771 | <0.001 | 0.873 | <0.001 | |||||||
UPDH | 0.708 | <0.001 | |||||||||
Growing ≤16 years old (194) | SN^GoGn | 0.540 | <0.001 | 0.202 | 0.005 | 0.102 | 0.159 | 0.050 | 0.489 | 0.032 | 0.654 |
CoGoMe^ | −0.008 | 0.912 | −0.092 | 0.200 | −0.092 | 0.201 | −0.143 | 0.007 | |||
UADH | 0.774 | <0.001 | 0.761 | <0.001 | 0.629 | <0.001 | |||||
LADH | 0.754 | <0.001 | 0.867 | <0.001 | |||||||
UPDH | 0.650 | <0.001 | |||||||||
Not Growing >16 years old (76) | SN^GoGn | 0.770 | <0.001 | 0.187 | 0.034 | 0.008 | 0.944 | 0.089 | 0.444 | −0.089 | 0.443 |
CoGoMe^ | 0.083 | 0.477 | −0.008 | 0.947 | 0.087 | 0.457 | −0.148 | 0.006 | |||
UADH | 0.730 | <0.001 | 0.801 | <0.001 | 0.654 | <0.001 | |||||
LADH | 0.724 | <0.001 | 0.840 | <0.001 | |||||||
UPDH | 0.682 | <0.001 |
Total (270) | Growing ≤16 years old (194) | Not Growing >16 years old (76) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outcome | Model | Beta | 95% CI | p-Value | Beta | 95% CI | p-Value | Beta | 95% CI | p-Value |
UADH | 1 (CoGoMeˆ) | −0.01 | −0.07–0.05 | 0.733 | −0.04 | −0.08–0.07 | 0.912 | 0.03 | −0.06–0.13 | 0.477 |
2 (CoGoMeˆ Age Sex) | 0.01 | −0.04–0.07 | 0.550 | |||||||
LADH | 1 (CoGoMe^) | −0.07 | −0.15–0.00 | 0.053 | −0.06 | −0.15–0.03 | 0.200 | −0.04 | −0.12–0.11 | 0.947 |
2 (CoGoMeˆ Age Sex) | −0.02 | −0.09–0.04 | 0.453 | |||||||
UPDH | 1 (CoGoMeˆ) | −0.04 | −0.10–0.01 | 0.095 | −0.04 | −0.11–0.02 | 0.201 | 0.34 | −0.06–0.12 | 0.457 |
2 (CoGoMeˆ Age Sex) | −0.01 | −0.05–0.05 | 0.842 | |||||||
LPDH | 1 (CoGoMeˆ) | −0.09 | −0.16–−0.04 | 0.003 | −0.08 | −0.16–−0.01 | 0.007 | −0.07 | −0.14–−0.00 | 0.006 |
2 (CoGoMeˆ Age Sex) | −0.07 | −0.11–−0.02 | 0.004 |
Total (270) | Growing ≤16 years old (194) | Not Growing >16 years old (76) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outcome | Model | Beta | 95% CI | p-Value | Beta | 95% CI | p-Value | Beta | 95% CI | p-Value |
UADH | 1 (SN^GoGn) | 0.08 | 0.01–0.14 | 0.017 | 0.12 | 0.04, 0.21 | 0.005 | 0.08 | 0.01–0.17 | 0.034 |
2 (SN^GoGn Age Sex) | 0.11 | 0.05–0.17 | 0.001 | |||||||
LADH | 1 (SN^GoGn) | −0.01 | −0.08–0.08 | 0.928 | 0.08 | −0.03–0.19 | 0.159 | 0.00 | −0.12–0.13 | 0.944 |
2 (SN^GoGn Age Sex) | 0.05 | −0.02–0.13 | 0.170 | |||||||
UPDH | 1 (SN^GoGn) | −0.01 | −0.07–0.06 | 0.807 | 0.03 | −0.05–0.10 | 0.489 | 0.04 | −0.06–0.13 | 0.444 |
2 (SN^GoGn Age Sex) | 0.04 | −0.02–0.09 | 0.205 | |||||||
LPDH | 1 (SN^GoGn) | −0.05 | −0.12–0.03 | 0.201 | 0.02 | −0.07–0.11 | 0.654 | −0.04 | −0.15–0.07 | 0.443 |
2 (SN^GoGn Age Sex) | −0.00 | −0.07–0.06 | 0.925 |
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Valletta, R.; Rongo, R.; Pango Madariaga, A.C.; Baiano, R.; Spagnuolo, G.; D’Antò, V. Relationship between the Condylion–Gonion–Menton Angle and Dentoalveolar Heights. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 3309. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093309
Valletta R, Rongo R, Pango Madariaga AC, Baiano R, Spagnuolo G, D’Antò V. Relationship between the Condylion–Gonion–Menton Angle and Dentoalveolar Heights. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(9):3309. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093309
Chicago/Turabian StyleValletta, Rosa, Roberto Rongo, Ada Carolina Pango Madariaga, Roberta Baiano, Gianrico Spagnuolo, and Vincenzo D’Antò. 2020. "Relationship between the Condylion–Gonion–Menton Angle and Dentoalveolar Heights" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9: 3309. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093309