Ageist Attitudes Are Associated with Will-to-Live and Moderated by Age, Medical Conditions and Attitudes toward Aging
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study 1
2.1. Method
2.1.1. Participants and Procedure
2.1.2. Measures
2.1.3. Data Analysis
2.2. Results and Discussion
3. Study 2
3.1. Method
3.1.1. Participants and Procedure
3.1.2. Measures
3.1.3. Data Analysis
3.2. Results and Discussion
4. General Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | M/% | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Ageism | 2.71 | 0.61 | - | |||||||
2. MC a | 1.76 | 1.53 | 0.08 * | - | ||||||
3. WTL | 5.43 | 0.82 | −0.14 *** | −0.29 *** | - | |||||
4. Age | 68.30 | 11.81 | 0.13 *** | 0.40 *** | −0.33 *** | - | ||||
5. Gender b | 53.9% | - | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.03 | - | |||
6. Marital status c | 74.1% | - | −0.02 | −0.17 *** | −0.13 ** | −0.26 *** | −0.26 *** | - | ||
7. Children | 3.00 | 1.53 | 0.003 | −0.01 | 0.06 *** | 0.06 | −0.07 | 0.17 *** | - | |
8. Employment d | 50.3% | - | 0.08 * | 0.34 *** | −0.24 *** | 0.66 *** | 0.17 *** | −0.22 *** | 0.09 * | |
9. FI e | 1.78 | 1.00 | 0.14 ** | 0.40 *** | −0.34 *** | 0.48 | 0.11 ** | −0.20 *** | 0.10 ** | −0.35 *** |
B | Β | p | |
---|---|---|---|
Step 1: Covariates (∆R2 = 0.140) | |||
Gender a | 0.049 | 0.028 | 0.511 |
Marital status b | 0.132 | 0.070 | 0.115 |
Children | −0.1 | −0.02 | 0.604 |
Unemployment c | −0.12 | −0.07 | 0.121 |
Functional impairment | −0.26 | −0.33 | 0.000 |
Step 2: Main effects (∆R2 = 0.041) | |||
Age | −0.013 | −0.138 | 0.011 |
Medical conditions | −0.084 | −0.157 | 0.000 |
Ageist attitudes | −0.128 | −0.089 | 0.027 |
Step 3: Two-way interactions (∆R2 = 0.014) | |||
Age X Medical conditions | −0.022 | −0.025 | 0.533 |
Age X Ageist attitudes | −0.045 | −0.054 | 0.186 |
Ageism X Medical conditions | −0.086 | −0.094 | 0.022 |
Step 4: Three-way interaction (∆R2 = 0.013) | |||
Age X Medical conditions X Ageist attitudes | −0.102 | −0.118 | 0.004 |
R2= 0.207 |
Variables | M/% | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Ageism | 2.49 | 0.74 | - | ||||||||
2. ATA a | 3.69 | 0.62 | −0.24 *** | - | |||||||
3. WTL | 5.24 | 0.79 | −0.25 *** | 0.46 *** | - | ||||||
4. Age | 72.11 | 10.12 | 0.12 * | −0.05 | −0.07 | - | |||||
5. Gender b | 53.6% | - | −0.04 | −0.09 | −0.06 | 0.12 * | - | ||||
6. Marital status c | 74.5% | - | −0.04 | 0.18 ** | 0.10 | −0.94 | −0.23 *** | - | |||
7. Children | 3.27 | 1.23 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.00 | −0.09 | −0.03 | 0.19 ** | - | ||
8. Subjective health | 3.82 | 0.87 | −0.30 *** | 0.44 *** | 0.39 *** | 0.033 | −0.04 | 0.17 ** | −0.04 | - | |
9. Unemployment d | 54.4% | - | 0.29 * | −0.17 ** | −0.20 *** | 0.09 | −0.11 * | −0.14 * | −0.03 | −0.31 *** | - |
10. FI e | 1.69 | 0.98 | 0.25 ** | −0.17 ** | −0.16 ** | 0.08 | −0.13 * | −0.16 ** | 0.05 | −0.39 *** | 0.15 ** |
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Gvili, R.-L.; Bodner, E. Ageist Attitudes Are Associated with Will-to-Live and Moderated by Age, Medical Conditions and Attitudes toward Aging. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 6736. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136736
Gvili R-L, Bodner E. Ageist Attitudes Are Associated with Will-to-Live and Moderated by Age, Medical Conditions and Attitudes toward Aging. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(13):6736. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136736
Chicago/Turabian StyleGvili, Racheli-Lital, and Ehud Bodner. 2021. "Ageist Attitudes Are Associated with Will-to-Live and Moderated by Age, Medical Conditions and Attitudes toward Aging" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13: 6736. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136736