A Chinese Version of the Caring Dimensions Inventory: Reliability and Validity Assessment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethic
2.2. Participants
2.3. Procedures
2.4. Data Collection
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of Participants
3.2. Validity
3.2.1. Content Validity
3.2.2. Construct Validity
3.2.3. Confirmatory Factor Analysis
3.3. Reliability
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | N (%) | CDI Score | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | S.D. | |||
Overall | 880 (100) | 107.35 | 14.79 | |
Gender | ||||
Female | 837 (95.1) | 107.61 | 14.64 | |
Male | 43 (4.9) | 102.21 | 16.89 | |
Age (years) Range: 18–69, Mean = 34.3 (S.D. = 9.7) | ||||
≤25 | 164 (18.6) | 108.10 | 12.64 | |
26–30 | 230 (26.1) | 106.63 | 16.03 | |
31–40 | 276 (31.4) | 106.61 | 17.05 | |
≥41 | 210 (23.9) | 108.51 | 11.33 | |
Education | ||||
College degree or bellow | 295 (33.5) | 107.40 | 13.92 | |
Bachelor | 524 (59.5) | 107.26 | 15.35 | |
Master or above | 61 (6.9) | 107.89 | 14.23 | |
Marital status | ||||
single | 291 (33.1) | 107.33 | 13.01 | |
married | 565 (64.2) | 107.40 | 15.35 | |
other | 24 (2.7) | 106.29 | 21.15 | |
Job experience (years) Range: 0–44, Mean = 12.8 (S.D. = 9.6) | ||||
<1 | 6 (0.7) | 104.50 | 16.33 | |
1–3 years | 129(14.7) | 107.13 | 12.66 | |
3.1–6 years | 155 (17.6) | 107.60 | 15.67 | |
6.1–10 years | 166 (18.9) | 106.85 | 15.66 | |
>10 | 424 (48.2) | 107.56 | 14.75 |
Item | Item Content | CVI | Mean | S.D. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
English Version | Final Chinese Version | ||||
Q1 | Assisting a patient with an activity of living | 協助病人進行日常活動 | 1.00 | 4.31 | 0.76 |
Q2 | Making a nursing record about a patient | 書寫病人的護理記錄 | 0.86 | 3.83 | 1.06 |
Q3 | Feeling sorry for a patient | 對病人的痛苦感同身受 | 1.00 | 4.32 | 0.79 |
Q4 | Getting to know the patient as a person | 視病人為一個完整的人 | 0.86 | 4.45 | 0.74 |
Q5 | Explaining a clinical procedure | 解釋臨床程序 | 1.00 | 4.26 | 0.79 |
Q6 | Being neatly dressed when working with a patient | 接觸病人時保持衣著整齊 | 1.00 | 4.37 | 0.72 |
Q7 | Sitting with a patient | 與病人同坐(平等相處) | 1.00 | 4.32 | 0.76 |
Q8 | Exploring a patient’s lifestyle | 深入瞭解病人的生活方式 | 1.00 | 4.30 | 0.76 |
Q9 | Reporting a patient’s condition to a senior nurse | 向資深護士報告病人的情况 | 1.00 | 4.17 | 0.81 |
Q10 | Being with a patient during a clinical procedure | 進行臨床程序期間陪伴病人 | 1.00 | 4.30 | 0.71 |
Q11 | Being honest with a patient | 真誠對待病人 | 1.00 | 4.51 | 0.64 |
Q12 | Organizing the work of others for a patient | 組織其他人員(所有人)為病人服務 | 1.00 | 4.26 | 0.76 |
Q13 | Listening to a patient | 聆聽病人 | 1.00 | 4.51 | 0.64 |
Q14 | Consulting with the doctor about a patient | 向醫生諮詢有關病人的情况 | 1.00 | 4.29 | 0.75 |
Q15 | Instructing a patient about an aspect of self-care | 指導病人自我照顧 | 1.00 | 4.40 | 0.67 |
Q16 | Sharing your personal problems with a patient | 與病人分享個人困擾 | 0.86 | 3.94 | 1.12 |
Q17 | Keeping relatives informed about a patient | 讓病人家屬持續瞭解病情 | 1.00 | 4.31 | 0.71 |
Q18 | Measuring the vital signs of a patient | 測量病人的生命體徵 | 1.00 | 4.27 | 0.80 |
Q19 | Putting the needs of a patient before your own | 病人需要先於自己 | 1.00 | 4.08 | 0.90 |
Q20 | Being technically competent with a clinical procedure | 勝任臨床程序的技術要求 | 1.00 | 4.29 | 0.76 |
Q21 | Involving a patient in his or her care | 讓病人參與到自己的健康照顧當中 | 1.00 | 4.36 | 0.71 |
Q22 | Giving reassurance about a clinical procedure | 給予病人臨床程序的保證 | 1.00 | 4.18 | 0.85 |
Q23 | Providing privacy to a patient | 確保病人的私隱 | 1.00 | 4.52 | 0.65 |
Q24 | Being cheerful with a patient | 歡容熱情面對病人 | 1.00 | 4.41 | 0.69 |
Q25 | Observing the effects of a medication on a patient | 觀察藥物對病人的影響 | 1.00 | 4.37 | 0.74 |
Item | Factor Loadings | ||
---|---|---|---|
Nurturance | Collaboration | Skill | |
Q1 | 0.708 | 0.196 | 0.330 |
Q3 | 0.702 | 0.190 | 0.275 |
Q4 | 0.785 | 0.153 | 0.282 |
Q6 | 0.665 | 0.213 | 0.493 |
Q7 | 0.709 | 0.258 | 0.280 |
Q8 | 0.707 | 0.382 | 0.205 |
Q10 | 0.639 | 0.464 | 0.253 |
Q11 | 0.756 | 0.439 | 0.196 |
Q13 | 0.758 | 0.465 | 0.178 |
Q23 | 0.702 | 0.428 | 0.261 |
Q24 | 0.567 | 0.610 | 0.246 |
Q12 | 0.496 | 0.571 | 0.264 |
Q15 | 0.593 | 0.543 | 0.299 |
Q16 | 0.157 | 0.698 | 0.124 |
Q17 | 0.473 | 0.555 | 0.436 |
Q19 | 0.235 | 0.685 | 0.294 |
Q21 | 0.552 | 0.568 | 0.303 |
Q22 | 0.291 | 0.586 | 0.474 |
Q2 | 0.171 | 0.085 | 0.819 |
Q5 | 0.600 | 0.167 | 0.547 |
Q9 | 0.280 | 0.346 | 0.729 |
Q14 | 0.403 | 0.454 | 0.606 |
Q18 | 0.331 | 0.440 | 0.681 |
Q20 | 0.412 | 0.492 | 0.555 |
Q25 | 0.465 | 0.428 | 0.578 |
Factor | Cronbach’s Alpha | Number of Items |
---|---|---|
Nurturance | 0.95 | 11 |
Collaboration | 0.89 | 7 |
Skill | 0.92 | 7 |
Overall | 0.97 | 25 |
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Tong, L.-K.; Zhu, M.-X.; Wang, S.-C.; Cheong, P.-L.; Van, I.-K. A Chinese Version of the Caring Dimensions Inventory: Reliability and Validity Assessment. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 6834. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136834
Tong L-K, Zhu M-X, Wang S-C, Cheong P-L, Van I-K. A Chinese Version of the Caring Dimensions Inventory: Reliability and Validity Assessment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(13):6834. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136834
Chicago/Turabian StyleTong, Lai-Kun, Ming-Xia Zhu, Si-Chen Wang, Pak-Leng Cheong, and Iat-Kio Van. 2021. "A Chinese Version of the Caring Dimensions Inventory: Reliability and Validity Assessment" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13: 6834. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136834