Gaming Behaviors among Polish Students with Visual Impairment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Procedure
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Time Devoted to Gaming and Choice of Electronic Devices
3.2. Types of Games
3.3. Excessive Gaming
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sociodemographic Variables | Total (n = 490; 100.0%) | Gamers in the Study Group (n = 410; 83.7%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | |
Age group | ||||
13–17 | 241 | 49.2 | 202 | 49.3 |
18–24 | 249 | 50.8 | 208 | 50.7 |
Sex | ||||
Male students | 259 | 52.9 | 234 | 57.1 |
Female students | 231 | 47.1 | 176 | 42.9 |
Place of residence | ||||
Urban | 319 | 65.1 | 275 | 67.1 |
Rural | 171 | 34.9 | 135 | 32.9 |
Family situation | ||||
Living with two parents | 331 | 68.5 | 274 | 67.8 |
Living with one parents | 98 | 20.3 | 83 | 20.5 |
Other situation | 54 | 11.2 | 47 | 11.7 |
Boarding school | ||||
Yes | 271 | 55.5 | 223 | 54.7 |
No | 217 | 44.5 | 185 | 45.3 |
Sibling | ||||
Yes | 412 | 86.6 | 343 | 86.2 |
No | 64 | 13.4 | 55 | 13.8 |
Level education of mother | ||||
Primary/secondary | 253 | 57.3 | 209 | 56.8 |
Post-Secondary | 137 | 31.1 | 114 | 31.0 |
Higher | 51 | 11.6 | 45 | 12.2 |
Level education of father | ||||
Primary/secondary | 257 | 62.7 | 212 | 61.3 |
Post-Secondary | 106 | 25.8 | 88 | 25.4 |
Higher | 47 | 11.5 | 46 | 13.3 |
Students with VI | Male Students | Female Students | |
---|---|---|---|
Desktop/laptop | 69.5 | 82.2 | 55.2 a |
Tablet | 38.1 | 34.1 | 42.4 |
Mobile phone | 60.4 | 63.4 | 56.7 |
Console | 30.4 | 38.7 | 21.0 b |
Sociodemographic Variables | Strategy | Fighting | Sports | Education Puzzles | Action/ Adventure | War | Role-Playing Game | Simulation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | ||||||||
57.1 | 44.4 | 53.4 | 41.4 | 50.6 | 37.7 | 46.5 | 45.0 | |
Age group (years) | ||||||||
13–17 | 53.7 | 46.1 | 50.4 | 35.5 | 46.3 | 38.1 | 47.6 | 43.0 |
18–24 | 60.3 | 42.8 | 56.2 | 47.1 a | 54.8 | 37.3 | 45.4 | 46.9 |
a chi2 = 6.564; p = 0.01 | ||||||||
Sex | ||||||||
Male students | 65.7 | 68.1 | 67.1 | 34.4 | 56.2 | 62.1 | 60.8 | 54.9 |
Female students | 47.5 a | 17.6 b | 38.0 c | 49.3 d | 44.3 e | 9.9 f | 30.6 g | 34.1 h |
a chi2 = 15.831; p < 0.001; b chi2 = 121.99; p < 0.001; c chi2 = 40.398; p < 0.001; d chi2 = 10.823; p < 0.001; e chi2 = 6.612; p = 0.01 p = 0.010; f chi2 = 136.916; p < 0.001; g chi2 = 42.662; p < 0.001; h chi2 = 20.443; p < 0.001 | ||||||||
Level of VI | ||||||||
Blind | 53.6 | 26.1 | 31.4 | 44.3 | 38.6 | 20.0 | 35.7 | 21.4 |
Poor-sighted | 57.8 | 47.5 a | 57.1 b | 40.9 | 52.8 c | 40.7 d | 48.4 | 49.1 e |
a chi2 = 10.972; p = 0.001; b chi2 = 15.863; p < 0.001; c chi2 = 4.791; p = 0.029; d chi2 = 10.933; p = 0.001; e chi2 = 18.437; p < 0.001 | ||||||||
Place of residence | ||||||||
Urban | 58.8 | 46.8 | 57.1 | 40.9 | 51.8 | 40.7 | 53.0 | 48.7 |
Rural | 54.0 | 40.0 | 46.4 a | 42.4 | 48.5 | 32.1 | 34.4 b | 38.0 c |
a chi2 = 4.984; p = 0.026; b chi2 = 14.765; p < 0.001; c chi2 = 4.861; p = 0.027 | ||||||||
Family situation | ||||||||
Living with two parents | 55.2 | 42.8 | 50.0 | 41.3 | 49.2 | 35.5 | 44.9 | 42.4 |
Living with one parent | 59.6 | 46.8 | 60.9 | 43.1 | 52.3 | 46.4 | 50.5 | 50.0 |
Other situation | 62.2 | 46.0 | 54.1 | 37.8 | 59.5 | 35.1 | 57.1 | 52.8 |
Boarding school | ||||||||
Yes | 57.4 | 41.7 | 50.4 | 43.2 | 48.7 | 34.2 | 41.6 | 42.4 |
No | 56.5 | 47.6 | 56.5 | 38.7 | 53.1 | 41.8 | 52.4 a | 47.6 |
a chi2 = 5.360; p = 0.021 | ||||||||
Siblings | ||||||||
Yes | 57.4 | 43.8 | 52.0 | 41.3 | 51.6 | 37.1 | 46.4 | 44.3 |
No | 53.5 | 43.3 | 57.4 | 45.0 | 44.8 | 36.7 | 50.0 | 50.8 |
Sociodemographic Variables | Total | Boys | Girls | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | OR | 95% CI | p | n (%) | OR | 95% CI | p | n (%) | OR | 95% CI | p | |
Age group | ||||||||||||
15–17 | 28 (47.5) | 1.0 | 23 (46.9) | 1.0 | 5 (50.0) | 1.0 | ||||||
18–24 | 31 (52.5) | 1.19 | 0.67–2.08 | 0.552 | 26 (53.1) | 1.17 | 0.63–2.20 | 0.613 | 5 (50.0) | 0.92 | 0.26–3.29 | 0.900 |
Sex | ||||||||||||
Male | 49 (83.1) | 5.56 | 2.55–12.1 | 0.000 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Female | 10 (16.9) | 1.0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Type of VI | ||||||||||||
Blind | 8 (13.6) | 1.0 | 6 (12.2) | 1.0 | 2 (20.0) | 1.0 | ||||||
Low vision | 51 (86.4) | 1.06 | 0.43–2.56 | 0.904 | 43 (87.8) | 1.58 | 0.63–4.01 | 0.330 | 8 (80.0) | 0.49 | 0.10–2.45 | 0.380 |
Place of residence | ||||||||||||
Urban | 42 (71.2) | 1.44 | 0.77–2.71 | 0.254 | 35 (71.4) | 1.28 | 0.64–2.54 | 0.483 | 7 (70.0) | 1.40 | 0.35–5.62 | 0.630 |
Rural | 17 (28.8) | 1.0 | 14 (28.6) | 1.0 | 3 (30.0) | 1.0 | ||||||
Family situation | ||||||||||||
Living with two parents | 41 (70.7) | 1.0 | 35 (72.9) | 1.0 | 6 (60.0) | 1.0 | ||||||
Living with one parent | 10 (17.2) | 0.69 | 0.33–1.44 | 0.316 | 7 (12.5) | 0.57 | 0.24–1.37 | 0.208 | 3 (30.0) | 1.37 | 0.33–5.72 | 0.664 |
Other situation | 7 (12.1) | 1.61 | 0.65–3.96 | 0.300 | 6 (14.6) | 2.04 | 0.71–5.84 | 0.181 | 1 (10.0) | 1.30 | 0.15–11.5 | 0.814 |
Boarding school | ||||||||||||
Yes | 33 (55.9) | 0.99 | 0.59–1.65 | 0.961 | 28 (42.9) | 1.12 | 0.60–2.11 | 0.722 | 5 (50.0) | 0.77 | 0.21–2.75 | 0.683 |
No | 26 (44.1) | 1.0 | 21 (57.1) | 1.0 | 5 (50.0) | 1.0 | ||||||
Sibling | ||||||||||||
Yes | 46 (79.3) | 1.0 | 38 (79.2) | 1.0 | 8 (80.0) | 1.0 | ||||||
No | 12 (20.7) | 1.92 | 0.94–3.93 | 0.072 | 10 (20.8) | 1.99 | 0.88–4.50 | 0.098 | 2 (20.0) | 0.68 | 0.14–3.36 | 0.632 |
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Wrzesińska, M.A.; Tabała, K.; Stecz, P. Gaming Behaviors among Polish Students with Visual Impairment. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 1545. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041545
Wrzesińska MA, Tabała K, Stecz P. Gaming Behaviors among Polish Students with Visual Impairment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(4):1545. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041545
Chicago/Turabian StyleWrzesińska, Magdalena Agnieszka, Klaudia Tabała, and Patryk Stecz. 2021. "Gaming Behaviors among Polish Students with Visual Impairment" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4: 1545. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041545