The Mediating Effect of Depression on the Relationship between Social Support, Spirituality and Burnout in Family Members of Patients with Cancer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Aims
2.2. Design
2.3. Participants
2.4. Measures
2.5. Data Collection
2.6. Ethical Considerations
2.7. Data Analysis
2.8. Validity and Reliability
3. Results
3.1. Participants’ General Characteristics and Study Variables
3.2. Participants’ Degree of Burnout, Social Support, Spirituality, and Depression
3.3. Participants’ Characteristics and Difference in burnout
3.4. Mediating Effect of Depression on the Relationship among Social Support, Spirituality, and Burnout
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Category | n (%) | Burnout | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | F/t | p | |||
Age (years) | <30 | 7 (4.6) | 2.56 ± 0.91 | 1.37 | 0.246 |
30–39 | 36 (23.8) | 2.55 ± 0.70 | |||
40–49 | 44 (29.2) | 2.48 ± 0.63 | |||
50–59 | 35 (23.2) | 2.80 ± 0.58 | |||
≥60 | 29 (19.2) | 2.71 ± 0.69 | |||
Sex | Male | 43 (28.5) | 2.61 ± 0.77 | 0.09 | 0.932 |
Female | 108 (71.5) | 2.62 ± 0.63 | |||
Education | Elementary school a | 6 (4.1) | 3.42 ± 0.96 | 4.61 | 0.004 a > b |
Middle school | 15 (9.9) | 2.54 ± 0.76 | |||
High school | 57 (37.7) | 2.72 ± 0.61 | |||
College or higher b | 73 (48.3) | 2.49 ± 0.62 | |||
Religion | Protestant | 25 (16.6) | 2.67 ± 0.57 | 1.65 | 0.179 |
Catholic | 51 (33.8) | 2.46 ± 0.57 | |||
Buddhist | 17 (11.3) | 2.60 ± 0.70 | |||
None | 58 (38.4) | 2.74 ± 0.76 | |||
Occupation | Yes | 84 (55.6) | 2.54 ± 0.63 | 1.52 | 0.131 |
No | 67 (44.4) | 2.71 ± 0.71 | |||
Financial burden | Easy a | 33 (21.9) | 2.21 ± 0.68 | 15.56 | <0.001 a < b < c |
Average b | 63 (41.7) | 2.54 ± 0.59 | |||
Hard c | 55 (36.4) | 2.94 ± 0.59 | |||
Relationship to patient | Spouse | 53 (35.1) | 2.77 ± 0.64 | 1.94 | 0.106 |
Parents | 12 (7.9) | 2.42 ± 0.58 | |||
Children | 59 (39.1) | 2.47 ± 0.75 | |||
Daughter-in-law | 14 (9.3) | 2.79 ± 0.35 | |||
Other | 13 (8.6) | 2.66 ± 0.59 | |||
Number of family caregivers | 1 | 35 (23.2) | 2.87 ± 0.68 | 3.02 | 0.032 |
2 | 42 (27.8) | 2.65 ± 0.65 | |||
3 | 44 (29.1) | 2.53 ± 0.65 | |||
≥4 | 30 (19.9) | 2.41 ± 0.63 | |||
Recurrence | Yes | 43 (28.5) | 2.79 ± 0.66 | 2.06 | 0.041 |
No | 108 (71.5) | 2.55 ± 0.66 | |||
Patients’ ADL | Very dependent | 13 (8.6) | 2.81 ± 0.70 | 3.95 | 0.021 a > b |
Little dependent a | 76 (50.3) | 2.73 ± 0.60 | |||
Independent b | 62 (41.1) | 2.44 ± 0.70 |
Variable | Mean ± SD | Social Support | Depression | Spirituality |
---|---|---|---|---|
r (p) | ||||
Burnout | 2.62 ± 0.67 | −0.579 (<0.001) | 0.517 (<0.001) | −0.475 (<0.001) |
Social support | 3.49 ± 0.68 | 1 | −0.378 (<0.001) | 0.578 (<0.001) |
Depression | 16.83 ± 7.53 | 1 | −0.281 (<0.001) | |
Spirituality | 3.35 ± 0.54 | 1 |
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Jun, W.-H.; Cha, K.-S.; Lee, K.-L. The Mediating Effect of Depression on the Relationship between Social Support, Spirituality and Burnout in Family Members of Patients with Cancer. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 1727. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041727
Jun W-H, Cha K-S, Lee K-L. The Mediating Effect of Depression on the Relationship between Social Support, Spirituality and Burnout in Family Members of Patients with Cancer. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(4):1727. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041727
Chicago/Turabian StyleJun, Won-Hee, Kyung-Sook Cha, and Kee-Lyong Lee. 2021. "The Mediating Effect of Depression on the Relationship between Social Support, Spirituality and Burnout in Family Members of Patients with Cancer" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4: 1727. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041727