Physical and Sedentary Activities in Association with Reproductive Outcomes among Couples Seeking Infertility Treatment: A Prospective Cohort Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Sample and Design
2.2. Assessment of PA and Sedentary Activities
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Women | Men | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
N | (Mean ± SD) or % | N | (Mean ± SD) or % | |
Age (years) | 64 | 32.4 ± 4.1 | 64 | 34.9 ± 5.6 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 64 | 23.1 ± 3.7 | 64 | 25.4 ± 3.3 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 64 | 75.9 ± 8.9 | 64 | 88.8 ± 10.2 |
Education N (%) | ||||
Primary education | 3 | 4.7 | 3 | 4.7 |
Secondary education | 17 | 26.6 | 18 | 28.1 |
College education | 8 | 12.5 | 11 | 17.2 |
University education | 36 | 56.3 | 32 | 50 |
Occupation N (%) | ||||
Working | 54 | 84.4 | 56 | 87.5 |
Not working or studying | 8 | 12.5 | 5 | 7.8 |
Missing | 2 | 3.1 | 3 | 4.7 |
Smoking N (%) | ||||
No | 57 | 89.1 | 58 | 90.6 |
Yes | 6 | 9.4 | 3 | 4.7 |
Missing | 1 | 1.5 | 3 | 4.7 |
Snuff N (%) | ||||
No | 58 | 90.6 | 46 | 71.9 |
Yes | 2 | 3.1 | 16 | 25.0 |
Missing | 4 | 6.3 | 2 | 3.1 |
PA Characteristics (mean ± SD) | ||||
Sedentary time (min/day) | 64 | 683.5 ± 80.8 | 64 | 709.1 ± 65.0 |
Low-Light PA (min/day) | 64 | 80.1 ± 24.7 | 64 | 77.2 ± 24.0 |
High-Light PA (min/day) | 64 | 46.0 ± 16.9 | 64 | 44.9 ± 16.9 |
Moderate PA (min/day) | 64 | 47.0 ± 16.8 | 64 | 48.0 ± 16.8 |
Vigorous PA (min/day) | 64 | 5.0 ± 6.5 | 64 | 5.2 ± 6.6 |
Moderate-to-Vigorous PA (counts/min) | 64 | 52.0 ± 19.1 | 64 | 53.2 ± 17.9 |
Meeting PA guidelines (%) * | 64 | 92.9 | 64 | 98.2 |
Average PA (counts/min) | 64 | 333.1 ± 117.5 | 64 | 316.9 ± 94.6 |
Steps (No/day) | 64 | 7994.8 ± 2667.2 | 64 | 7456.3 ± 2093.9 |
Clinical Characteristics | N | % |
---|---|---|
Primary infertility diagnosis | ||
Female factor | 24 | 37.5 |
Tubal factor | 9 | 14 |
Anovulation | 6 | 9.3 |
PCOS | 4 | 6.3 |
Endometriosis | 3 | 4.7 |
POF | 2 | 3.1 |
Male factor | 11 | 17.2 |
Unexplained | 22 | 34.4 |
Missing | 7 | 11 |
Conception method | ||
IVF | 22 | 34.4 |
ICSI | 9 | 14.1 |
IUI | 2 | 3.1 |
Ovarian stimulation | 4 | 6.2 |
No treatment | 5 | 7.8 |
Spontaneous pregnancy | 17 | 26.6 |
Missing | 5 | 7.8 |
Positive pregnancy test * | 41 | 73.2 |
Miscarriage * | 3 | 5.4 |
Live birth * | 38 | 67.9 |
Z-Score Variables | Women | Men | Couples | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95% C.I. | OR | 95% C.I. | OR | 95% C.I. | ||||
Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | ||||
Sedentary time | 1.911 | 0.733 | 4.982 | 1.299 | 0.513 | 3.285 | 1.658 | 0.633 | 4.344 |
Low-Light PA | 0.641 | 0.329 | 1.251 | 0.862 | 0.426 | 1.744 | 0.779 | 0.403 | 1.505 |
High-Light PA | 0.788 | 0.416 | 1.493 | 0.790 | 0.385 | 1.621 | 0.954 | 0.513 | 1.773 |
Moderate PA | 0.740 | 0.400 | 1.369 | 0.894 | 0.492 | 1.623 | 0.699 | 0.369 | 1.324 |
Vigorous PA | 0.818 | 0.451 | 1.483 | 1.223 | 0.693 | 2.158 | 1.109 | 0.617 | 1.991 |
Moderate-to-vigorous PA | 0.737 | 0.396 | 1.373 | 1.048 | 0.581 | 1.891 | 0.732 | 0.379 | 1.414 |
Average PA–counts/min | 0.718 | 0.390 | 1.324 | 1.051 | 0.589 | 1.875 | 0.757 | 0.403 | 1.425 |
Steps | 0.659 | 0.360 | 1.209 | 1.045 | 0.558 | 1.956 | 0.758 | 0.413 | 1.393 |
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Läänelaid, S.; Ortega, F.B.; Kunovac Kallak, T.; Joelsson, L.; Ruiz, J.R.; Hreinsson, J.; Wånggren, K.; Stavreus-Evers, A.; Kalda, R.; Salumets, A.; et al. Physical and Sedentary Activities in Association with Reproductive Outcomes among Couples Seeking Infertility Treatment: A Prospective Cohort Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 2718. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052718
Läänelaid S, Ortega FB, Kunovac Kallak T, Joelsson L, Ruiz JR, Hreinsson J, Wånggren K, Stavreus-Evers A, Kalda R, Salumets A, et al. Physical and Sedentary Activities in Association with Reproductive Outcomes among Couples Seeking Infertility Treatment: A Prospective Cohort Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(5):2718. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052718
Chicago/Turabian StyleLäänelaid, Siret, Francisco B. Ortega, Theodora Kunovac Kallak, Lana Joelsson, Jonatan R. Ruiz, Julius Hreinsson, Kjell Wånggren, Anneli Stavreus-Evers, Ruth Kalda, Andres Salumets, and et al. 2021. "Physical and Sedentary Activities in Association with Reproductive Outcomes among Couples Seeking Infertility Treatment: A Prospective Cohort Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5: 2718. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052718