Integrating the Ecological Security Pattern and the PLUS Model to Assess the Effects of Regional Ecological Restoration: A Case Study of Hefei City, Anhui Province
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Area and Data Sources
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Data Sources
3. Methods
3.1. Simulation of Land Use
3.1.1. The PLUS Model
3.1.2. Model Validation
3.2. Construstion of the Ecological Security Pattern
3.2.1. Identifying Ecological Sources Based on MSPA
3.2.2. Constructing Ecological Resistance Surfaces
3.2.3. Extracting Ecological Corridors
3.2.4. Identifying Ecological Strategic Nodes
4. Results
4.1. Simulation of Land-Use Pattern
4.1.1. Simulation Accuracy
4.1.2. Simulation Results
4.2. Ecological Security Pattern
4.2.1. Ecological Sources Analysis
4.2.2. Integrated Ecological Resistance Surface
4.2.3. Spatial Pattern of Ecological Corridors
4.2.4. Ecological Strategic Nodes
5. Discussion
5.1. Comparison of Related Studies
5.2. Proposals for Further Strengthening Ecological Restoration in the Next Decade
5.3. Uncertainties and Prospects
6. Conclusions
- (1)
- From 2020 to 2030, land-use changes would occur primarily in the main urban area of Hefei and along the eastern shore of the Chaohu Lake watershed. Under the ecological protection scenario, large amounts of arable land would be converted to construction land and woodland.
- (2)
- There was an increase in the area of ecological sources and pinch points from 2020 to 2030, and a notable reduction in the number and area of barriers. Overall, these results indicated that the ecosystem quality, ecological integrity, and landscape connectivity of Hefei would be considerably improved.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Area and Proportion | Land-Use Type (km2/%) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arable Land | Woodland | Grassland | Water | Wasteland | Construction Land | |
2020 | 8425.04 | 562.94 | 0.48 | 1113.69 | 0.06 | 1362.71 |
(73.485) | (4.910) | (0.004) | (9.714) | (0.001) | (11.886) | |
2030 | 8170.89 | 601.29 | 0.38 | 1115.67 | 0.03 | 1576.66 |
(71.269) | (5.245) | (0.003) | (9.731) | (0.001) | (13.752) |
Area and Proportion | Land-Use Type (km2/%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Woodland | Grassland | Water | Total | |
2020 | 270.41 (25.09) | 0.0045 | 807.23 (74.91) | 1077.65 |
2030 | 279.47 (25.42) | 0.0009 | 820.12 (74.58) | 1099.59 |
Resistance Indicator | Weight | Resistance Factor | Resistance Coefficient |
---|---|---|---|
Land-use type | 0.7 | Woodland | 1 |
Water | 10 | ||
Arable land | 100 | ||
Grassland | 100 | ||
Wasteland | 300 | ||
Construction land | 500 | ||
Slope (°) | 0.2 | [0, 8) | 1 |
[8, 15) | 10 | ||
[15, 25) | 50 | ||
[25, 35) | 100 | ||
[35, 53) | 200 | ||
Topographic relief (m) | 0.1 | [0, 25) | 1 |
[25, 50) | 10 | ||
[50, 100) | 50 | ||
[100, 200) | 100 | ||
[200, 471) | 200 |
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Cao, X.; Liu, Z.; Li, S.; Gao, Z. Integrating the Ecological Security Pattern and the PLUS Model to Assess the Effects of Regional Ecological Restoration: A Case Study of Hefei City, Anhui Province. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 6640. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116640
Cao X, Liu Z, Li S, Gao Z. Integrating the Ecological Security Pattern and the PLUS Model to Assess the Effects of Regional Ecological Restoration: A Case Study of Hefei City, Anhui Province. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(11):6640. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116640
Chicago/Turabian StyleCao, Xiufeng, Zhaoshun Liu, Shujie Li, and Zhenjun Gao. 2022. "Integrating the Ecological Security Pattern and the PLUS Model to Assess the Effects of Regional Ecological Restoration: A Case Study of Hefei City, Anhui Province" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11: 6640. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116640