Probiotic Monotherapy with Lactobacillus reuteri (Prodentis) as a Coadjutant to Reduce Subgingival Dysbiosis in a Patient with Periodontitis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Case Report
2.2. Clinical Case Description and Probiotic Adjuvant
2.3. Clinical Periodontal Evaluation and Microbial Assessment
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Clinical Periodontal Characteristics
3.2. Mean Total Levels of Full Mouth and Tooth 46
3.3. Mean Individual Levels and Proportion of Full Mouth and Tooth 46
3.4. Mean Proportions of Microbial Complexes
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species | ATCC | Complex | Species | ATCC | Complex |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Actinomyces georgiae | 49285 | Actinomyces | Neisseria mucosa | 19696 | Other |
Actinomyces israelii | 12102 | Actinomyces | Parvimonas micra | 33270 | Orange |
Actinomyces naeslundii | 12104 | Actinomyces | Porphyromonas endodontalis | 35406 | Other |
Actinomyces odontolyticus | 17929 | Purple | Porphyromonas gingivalis | 33277 | Red |
Actinomyces viscosus | 43146 | Actinomyces | Prevotella intermedia | 25611 | Orange |
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans stp. b. | 43718 | Ungrouped | Prevotella melaninogenica | 25845 | Other |
Campylobacter gracilis | 33236 | Orange | Prevotella nigrescens | 33563 | Orange |
Campylobacter rectus | 33238 | Orange | Propionibacterium acnes | 6919 | Other |
Campylobacter showae | 51146 | Orange | Selenomonas artemidis | 43528 | Other |
Capnocytophaga gingivalis | 33624 | Green | Selenomonas noxia | 43541 | Ungrouped |
Capnocytophaga ochracea | 27872 | Green | Streptococcus anginosus | 33397 | Yellow |
Capnocytophaga sputigena | 33612 | Green | Streptococcus constellatus | 27823 | Orange |
Corynebacterium matruchotii | 14266 | Other | Streptococcus gordonii | 10558 | Yellow |
Eikenella corrodens | 23834 | Green | Streptococcus intermedius | 27335 | Yellow |
Eubacterium saburreum | 33271 | Other | Streptococcus mitis | 49456 | Yellow |
Eubacterium sulci | 35585 | Other | Streptococcus oralis | 35037 | Yellow |
Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum | 25586 | Orange | Streptococcus sanguinis | 10556 | Yellow |
Fusobacterium periodonticum | 33693 | Orange | Tannerella forsythia | 43037 | Red |
Gemella morbillorum | 27824 | Other | Treponema denticola | 35405 | Red |
Leptotrichia buccalis | 14201 | Other | Veillonella parvula | 10790 | Purple |
Full Mouth | T0 | T1 | T2 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Media | ±SEM | Media | ±SEM | Media | ±SEM | |
Mean pocket depth (millimeters, mm) | 3.9 | 0.2 | 3.3 | 0.2 | 3.4 | 0.2 |
Mean attachment level (AL, mm) | 2 | 0.2 | 1.6 | 0.1 | 2.0 | 0.2 |
Mean number sites with AL ≥ 5 mm | 8 | 1.1 | 4 | 1.5 | 6 | 1.4 |
% sites with: | ||||||
Plaque accumulation (percent, %) | 14.5 | 0.7 | 8.7 | 1.1 | 14.5 | 0.7 |
**, ‡ Gingival erythema (%) | 45.7 | 0.1 | 44.2 | 0.1 | 69.6 | 0.1 |
* Bleeding on probing (%) | 74.6 | 0.1 | 58 | 0.1 | 98.6 | 0 |
Suppuration (%) | 17.4 | 0.1 | 25.4 | 0.1 | 24.6 | 0.1 |
Tooth 46 | T0 | T1 | T2 | |||
Media | ±SEM | Media | ±SEM | Media | ±SEM | |
Mean pocket depth (mm) | 10.2 | 1.6 | 8.9 | 1.8 | 8.8 | 1.7 |
Mean attachment level (AL, mm) | 7.4 | 1.5 | 6.3 | 1.5 | 6.7 | 1.6 |
Mean number sites with AL ≥ 5 mm | 4 | 1.2 | 3 | 0.3 | 3 | 0.6 |
% sites with: | ||||||
Plaque accumulation (%) | 33.3 | 0.2 | 16.7 | 0.2 | 50 | 0.2 |
∞, † Gingival erythema (%) | 100 | 0.0 | 16.7 | 0.2 | 100 | 0 |
Bleeding on probing (%) | 33.3 | 0.2 | 33.3 | 0.2 | 66.7 | 0.2 |
Suppuration (%) | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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Salinas-Azuceno, C.; Martínez-Hernández, M.; Maldonado-Noriega, J.-I.; Rodríguez-Hernández, A.-P.; Ximenez-Fyvie, L.-A. Probiotic Monotherapy with Lactobacillus reuteri (Prodentis) as a Coadjutant to Reduce Subgingival Dysbiosis in a Patient with Periodontitis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 7835. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137835
Salinas-Azuceno C, Martínez-Hernández M, Maldonado-Noriega J-I, Rodríguez-Hernández A-P, Ximenez-Fyvie L-A. Probiotic Monotherapy with Lactobacillus reuteri (Prodentis) as a Coadjutant to Reduce Subgingival Dysbiosis in a Patient with Periodontitis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(13):7835. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137835
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalinas-Azuceno, Claudia, Miryam Martínez-Hernández, José-Isaac Maldonado-Noriega, Adriana-Patricia Rodríguez-Hernández, and Laurie-Ann Ximenez-Fyvie. 2022. "Probiotic Monotherapy with Lactobacillus reuteri (Prodentis) as a Coadjutant to Reduce Subgingival Dysbiosis in a Patient with Periodontitis" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13: 7835. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137835