The Influencing Factors of HIV-Preventive Behavior Based on Health Belief Model among HIV-Negative MSMs in Western China: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The HBM Model
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Participants and Procedure
3.2. Measurements
3.2.1. Demographics
3.2.2. HBM Structural Factors
3.2.3. Protective Behavior
3.3. Data Analysis
4. Results
4.1. Sociodemographic Characteristic
4.2. Descriptive Analysis and Relationship between Constructs
4.3. Structural Model Results
5. Discussion
5.1. Self-Efficacy
5.2. Perceived Barriers
5.3. Perceived Benefits
5.4. Perceived Susceptibility
5.5. Perceived Severity
5.6. Cues to Action
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Constructs | Value Assignment | Factor Loading |
---|---|---|
PSU (β = 0.101 **) | ||
PSU1. How likely do you think you are of AIDS? | 1 = Very small, 2 = Small, 3 = Average, 4 = Large, 5 = Very large | 1.000 a |
PSE (β = −0.003) | ||
PSE1. What do you know about the severity of AIDS? | 1 = Not serious at all, 2 = Not too serious, 3 = Somewhat serious, 4 = Serious, 5 = Very serious | 1.000 a |
PBE (β = 0.117 **) (α = 0.791) | ||
PBE1. I think PrEP makes me safer and prevents AIDS. | 1 = Do not agree at all, 2 = Agree a little, 3 = Agree to some extent, 4 = Mostly agree, 5 = Always | 0.781 ** |
PBE2. I think PrEP makes me feel less afraid of AIDS. | 0.739 ** | |
PBE3. I can remember to take medicine on time. | 0.723 ** | |
PBA (β = −0.071) (α = 0.805) | ||
PBA1. I worry about homosexual partners learning that I am taking medication. | 1 = Not at all, 2 = A little, 3 = Somewhat, 4 = Mostly, 5 = Always | 0.746 ** |
PBA2. I worry that others will discriminate against me when they learn I am on medication. | 0.905 ** | |
PBA3. I worry about the side effects of the medicine. | 0.501 ** | |
SE (β = 0.221 **) (α = 0.802) | ||
SE1. When PrEP is not immediately available. | 1 = Not confident at all, 2 = Not confident, 3 = Comparatively confident, 4 = Very confident, 5 = Completely confident | 0.653 ** |
SE2. When your sex partner is upset about the PrEP. | 0.799 ** | |
SE3. When PrEP is too much trouble. | 0.780 ** | |
SE4. When your partner is angry about using PrEP. | 0.795 ** | |
SE5. When you have used other protective measures, such as condoms. | 0.621 ** | |
CA (β = 0.112 **) | 1.000 a | |
CA1. Have you gotten reminders from the intelligent reminder system? | 0 = No, 1 = Yes | |
CA2. Have you been tested for HIV/AIDS? | ||
CA3. Have you taken the initiative to receive free counseling on AIDS? | ||
PB | ||
PB1. PrEP adherence rate. | Continuous value from 0 to 1 | 1.000 a |
Construct | PSU | PSE | PBE | PBA | SE | CA | PB |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Perceived susceptibility (PSU) | 1.000 | ||||||
Perceived severity (PSE) | −0.005 | 1.000 | |||||
Perceived benefits (PBE) | 0.020 | −0.014 | 1.000 | ||||
Perceived barriers (PBA) | 0.036 | 0.150 ** | −0.014 | 1.000 | |||
Self-efficacy (SE) | −0.028 | 0.001 | 0.195 ** | −0.162 ** | 1.000 | ||
Cues to action (CA) | 0.089 ** | 0.030 | 0.087 ** | −0.032 | −0.006 | 1.000 | |
Preventive behavior (PB) | 0.065 ** | −0.039 | 0.151 ** | −0.118 ** | 0.257 ** | 0.127 ** | 1.000 |
Fit Index | χ2/df | GFI | NFI | CFI | RMSEA |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Measurement model | 1.954 | 0.982 | 0.965 | 0.976 | 0.037 |
Recommended value | <3 | >0.9 | >0.9 | >0.94 | <0.09 |
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Liu, H.; Lai, G.; Shi, G.; Zhong, X. The Influencing Factors of HIV-Preventive Behavior Based on Health Belief Model among HIV-Negative MSMs in Western China: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 10185. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610185
Liu H, Lai G, Shi G, Zhong X. The Influencing Factors of HIV-Preventive Behavior Based on Health Belief Model among HIV-Negative MSMs in Western China: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(16):10185. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610185
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Hui, Guichuan Lai, Guiqian Shi, and Xiaoni Zhong. 2022. "The Influencing Factors of HIV-Preventive Behavior Based on Health Belief Model among HIV-Negative MSMs in Western China: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 16: 10185. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610185