Designing Mobile Epidemic Prevention Medical Stations for the COVID-19 Pandemic and International Medical Aid
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Design Concept: Mobility and Demands
2.2. Cut off the Transmission Routes: Positive and Negative Pressure System
2.3. Specifications and Standards
- The negative pressure ventilation system must be tested by SGS (General Surveillance Society; report no. EKR2004706), and measurement results should be compliant with the Taiwan CDC (Centers for Disease Control) standard operating instructions for negative pressure isolation wards.
- The air-conditioning system must be able to switch between positive and negative pressure modes and be equipped with a HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) ventilation system. At the same time, the exhausted air must be sterilized at a high boiling temperature (100 °C).
- The medical stations must be equipped with a UV lamp and O3 ozone sterilization.
- Air-conditioning must be above 2.8 kW.
- A solar panel of 100 Ah, power 5000 VA/5000 W and lithium battery above 2750 mAh must be used with an automatic generator for continuous operation.
- There must be a differential pressure gauge and sensor.
- Available 4G Wifi.
- Firefighting installation devices must be certificated by the Taiwan Standard for Installation of Fire Safety Equipments Based on Use and Occupancy.
- A CNS (Chinese National Standards-Taiwan) 14705 certified permit must be held for the cleanroom.
- TFTA (Taiwan Food and Drug Administration) certified permits must be held for medical electric hospital beds and equipment.
- A smart water heater and medical-grade air purifier must be present.
- A Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare construction license for renovating containers into negative pressure isolation wards must be obtained.
- A biosafety level 3 (BSL-3; P3) standard laboratory must be used.
- The laboratory must possess a Taiwan Ministry of Economic Affairs IPO (Intellectual Property Office) patent certificate.
3. Results
3.1. The Contents of Mobile Epidemic Prevention Medical Stations
3.2. Practical Experience of Mobile Epidemic Prevention Medical Stations in Taiwan
3.3. International Medical Aid in Palau
4. Discussion
4.1. Maximizing the Use of Medical Resources with Flexibility
4.2. Comparison with Other Mobile Facilities: Advantages and Disadvantages
4.3. Economic Value
4.4. Difficulty and Future Possibility
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gao, M.-Z.; Chou, Y.-H.; Chang, Y.-Z.; Pai, J.-Y.; Bair, H.; Pai, S.; Yu, N.-C. Designing Mobile Epidemic Prevention Medical Stations for the COVID-19 Pandemic and International Medical Aid. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 9959. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169959
Gao M-Z, Chou Y-H, Chang Y-Z, Pai J-Y, Bair H, Pai S, Yu N-C. Designing Mobile Epidemic Prevention Medical Stations for the COVID-19 Pandemic and International Medical Aid. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(16):9959. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169959
Chicago/Turabian StyleGao, Mi-Zuo, Ying-Hsiang Chou, Yan-Zin Chang, Jar-Yuan Pai, Henry Bair, Sharon Pai, and Nai-Chi Yu. 2022. "Designing Mobile Epidemic Prevention Medical Stations for the COVID-19 Pandemic and International Medical Aid" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 16: 9959. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169959