The Impact of Rail Transit on Accessibility and Spatial Equity of Public Transit: A Case Study of Guangzhou, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Methodology
3.1. Study Area
3.2. Data and Accessibility Calculation
3.3. Equity Analysis
4. Results and Analysis
4.1. The Impacts of Rail Transit on Accessibility
4.1.1. CBD Accessibility Differences
4.1.2. Spatial Distribution of Time-Based Accessibility
4.1.3. Spatial Distribution of Fare-Based Accessibility
4.2. The Impacts of Rail Transit on Spatial Equity
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Travel Mode | Average Travel Speed (km/h) | Average Transit Fare (RMB) |
---|---|---|
Bus only | 18.25 | 5.51 |
Integrated bus transit and rail transit | 27.95 | 12.12 |
Time Periods in the Bus-Only Scenario (Min) | Time Periods in the Bus and Rail Transit Scenario (Min) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0–30 | 30–60 | 60–120 | 0–30 | 30–60 | 60–120 | |
Reachable population | 78.94 | 307.27 | 510.94 | 258.93 | 691.49 | 2641.57 |
Spatial coverage area (km2) | 41.32 | 224.32 | 1292.26 | 99.55 | 481.93 | 430.58 |
Number of Communities | Bus-Only Scenario | Bus and Rail Transit Scenario | Rate of Change | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Standard Deviation | Mean Value | Coefficient of Variation | Standard Deviation | Mean Value | Coefficient of Variation | Mean Value | Coefficient of Variation | |||
Time-based accessibility | All communities | 2658 | 74.26 | 172.26 | 0.43 | 53.61 | 107.35 | 0.49 | 38.28% | 0.28 |
Inner Guangzhou | 902 | 13.48 | 116.73 | 0.12 | 10.57 | 67.35 | 0.16 | 42.16% | 0.17 | |
Middle Guangzhou | 802 | 28.88 | 156.01 | 0.19 | 23.24 | 95.57 | 0.24 | 38.61% | 0.25 | |
Outer Guangzhou | 954 | 83.51 | 238.44 | 0.35 | 59.49 | 155.08 | 0.38 | 34.33% | 0.38 | |
Fare-based accessibility | All communities | 2658 | 1.61 | 5.87 | 0.27 | 3.19 | 11.27 | 0.28 | 93.05% | 0.23 |
Inner Guangzhou | 902 | 0.49 | 4.33 | 0.11 | 0.83 | 8.24 | 0.10 | 90.92% | 0.18 | |
Middle Guangzhou | 802 | 1.21 | 5.71 | 0.21 | 1.77 | 10.85 | 0.16 | 93.08% | 0.26 | |
Outer Guangzhou | 954 | 1.01 | 7.46 | 0.14 | 2.44 | 14.48 | 0.16 | 95.03% | 0.26 |
z-Value Scores | <−1.5 | −1.5–−0.5 | −0.5–0 | 0–0.5 | 0.5–1.5 | 1.5< | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inner Guangzhou | Yuexiu district | 0.00% | 2.54% | 3.67% | 0.23% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
Haizhu district | 0.00% | 1.68% | 6.32% | 0.75% | 0.09% | 0.36% | |
Liwan district | 0.03% | 1.42% | 3.38% | 0.57% | 0.00% | 0.00% | |
Tianhe district | 0.03% | 2.70% | 5.35% | 0.86% | 0.48% | 0.54% | |
Middle Guangzhou | Baiyun district | 0.19% | 5.57% | 6.15% | 2.32% | 0.25% | 0.00% |
Huangpu district | 0.00% | 0.55% | 2.40% | 2.65% | 0.77% | 0.00% | |
Panyu district | 0.00% | 0.58% | 4.12% | 5.30% | 2.14% | 0.08% | |
Outer Guangzhou | Huadu district | 0.02% | 0.25% | 2.02% | 2.72% | 1.21% | 0.02% |
Conghua district | 0.00% | 0.02% | 0.01% | 0.09% | 1.20% | 1.24% | |
Zengcheng district | 0.35% | 2.50% | 3.51% | 1.27% | 0.71% | 0.02% | |
Nansha district | 0.00% | 0.07% | 1.15% | 0.53% | 0.29% | 0.00% |
z-Value Scores | <−1.5 | −1.5–−0.5 | −0.5–0 | 0–0.5 | 0.5–1.5 | 1.5< | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inner Guangzhou | Yuexiu district | 0.09% | 0.97% | 1.48% | 2.36% | 4.03% | 0.01% |
Haizhu district | 0.03% | 0.47% | 1.77% | 5.02% | 4.51% | 0.36% | |
Liwan district | 0.18% | 0.70% | 1.56% | 2.42% | 2.13% | 0.04% | |
Tianhe district | 0.18% | 1.47% | 2.17% | 3.19% | 4.20% | 0.54% | |
Middle Guangzhou | Baiyun district | 1.44% | 5.40% | 3.31% | 3.83% | 3.64% | 0.20% |
Huangpu district | 0.05% | 0.86% | 0.78% | 2.35% | 2.36% | 0.30% | |
Panyu district | 0.32% | 1.20% | 2.99% | 3.92% | 4.03% | 0.31% | |
Outer Guangzhou | Huadu district | 0.37% | 1.22% | 1.32% | 2.01% | 1.60% | 0.00% |
Conghua district | 0.06% | 0.14% | 0.36% | 0.81% | 2.58% | 0.87% | |
Zengcheng district | 2.45% | 3.14% | 1.78% | 1.21% | 0.77% | 0.02% | |
Nansha district | 0.06% | 0.70% | 0.81% | 0.27% | 0.29% | 0.00% |
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Chen, H.; Yang, W.; Li, T. The Impact of Rail Transit on Accessibility and Spatial Equity of Public Transit: A Case Study of Guangzhou, China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 11428. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811428
Chen H, Yang W, Li T. The Impact of Rail Transit on Accessibility and Spatial Equity of Public Transit: A Case Study of Guangzhou, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(18):11428. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811428
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Huiling, Wenyue Yang, and Tao Li. 2022. "The Impact of Rail Transit on Accessibility and Spatial Equity of Public Transit: A Case Study of Guangzhou, China" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 18: 11428. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811428