Meaning in Life among Older Adults: An Integrative Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Background Characteristics and Meaning in Life
1.2. Personality Characteristics and Meaning in Life
1.3. Locus of Control
1.4. Self-Efficacy
1.5. Optimism
1.6. Psycho-Social Factors and Meaning in Life
1.6.1. Psychological Distress
1.6.2. Loneliness
1.7. Research Hypotheses
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sampling Method and Data Collection
2.2. Research Instruments
2.2.1. Independent Variables
2.2.2. Dependent Variable
3. Results
Characterization of the Sample
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | N (%) | Mean | SD | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 305 (40.6) | ||
Female | 446 (59.4) | |||
Age | 72.27 | 6.28 | ||
Employment status | Employed | 289 (38.5) | ||
Not employed | 462 (61.5) | |||
Religiosity | Religious | 446 (59.4) | ||
Not religious | 305 (40.6) | |||
Locus of control | 3.71 | 0.69 | ||
Self-efficacy | 17.22 | 3.91 | ||
Optimism | 21.78 | 4.41 | ||
Psychological distress | 11.81 | 5.18 | ||
Loneliness | 4.55 | 1.74 | ||
Presence of meaning in life | 25.89 | 6.79 |
B | Std. Error | Beta | T | Adj. R2 | ΔR2 | F | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Step 1 | 0.047 | 0.052 | F(4,746) = 10.26 *** | |||||
Gender | −0.750 | 0.49 | −0.054 | −1.52 | ||||
Age | −0.220 | 0.04 | −0.204 | −5.44 *** | ||||
Employment status | 1.635 | 0.52 | 0.117 | 3.14 ** | ||||
Religiosity | −1.635 | 0.50 | −0.118 | −3.30 *** | ||||
Step 2 | 0.388 | 0.342 | F(7,743) = 69.07 *** | |||||
Gender | −0.058 | 0.40 | −0.004 | −0.14 | ||||
Age | −0.096 | 0.03 | −0.089 | −2.90 ** | ||||
Employment status | 1.379 | 0.42 | 0.099 | 3.30 *** | ||||
Religiosity | −1.127 | 0.40 | −0.082 | −2.80 ** | ||||
Locus of control | 1.800 | 0.33 | 0.184 | 5.42 *** | ||||
Self-efficacy | 0.376 | 0.06 | 0.216 | 6.42 *** | ||||
Optimism | 0.548 | 0.05 | 0.356 | 10.89 *** | ||||
Step 3 | 0.464 | 0.076 | F(9,741) = 73.07 *** | |||||
Gender | 0.203 | 0.37 | 0.015 | 0.54 | ||||
Age | −0.062 | 0.03 | −0.058 | −2.00 * | ||||
Employment status | 1.400 | 0.39 | 0.100 | 3.57 *** | ||||
Religiosity | −1.158 | 0.38 | −0.084 | −3.07 ** | ||||
Locus of control | 1.288 | 0.32 | 0.132 | 4.08 *** | ||||
Self-efficacy | 0.254 | 0.06 | 0.146 | 4.53 *** | ||||
Optimism | 0.345 | 0.05 | 0.225 | 6.77 *** | ||||
Psychological distress | −0.308 | 0.05 | −0.235 | −6.59 *** | ||||
Loneliness | −0.613 | 0.13 | −0.157 | −4.70 *** |
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Greenblatt-Kimron, L.; Kagan, M.; Zychlinski, E. Meaning in Life among Older Adults: An Integrative Model. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 16762. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416762
Greenblatt-Kimron L, Kagan M, Zychlinski E. Meaning in Life among Older Adults: An Integrative Model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(24):16762. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416762
Chicago/Turabian StyleGreenblatt-Kimron, Lee, Maya Kagan, and Ester Zychlinski. 2022. "Meaning in Life among Older Adults: An Integrative Model" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24: 16762. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416762