Can an Aerobic Exercise Programme Improve the Response of the Growth Hormone in Fibromyalgia Patients? A Randomised Controlled Trial
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Interventions
2.3. Measurements
2.3.1. Main Outcome
2.3.2. Secondary Outcomes
2.4. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
Strengths and Limitations
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Exercise (n = 29) | TAU (n = 27) | p | |
---|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic and Medication | |||
Age, years, M (SD) | 46.9 (9.7) | 48.7 (7.8) | 0.465 |
Age of first illness symptoms, years, M (SD) | 30.1 (12.8) | 32.7 (11.9) | 0.371 |
Years from first symptoms to diagnosis, M (SD) | 13.3 (12.5) | 11.8 (10.4) | 0.805 |
Length of illness, years, M (SD) | 16.8 (13) | 15.8 (10.8) | 0.954 |
Educational level, frequency (%) | 0.950 | ||
No studies/primary | 14 (48.3) | 13 (48.1) | |
Secondary studies | 8 (27.6) | 8 (29.6) | |
University | 7 (24.1) | 6 (22.2) | |
Work outside home, yes, frequency (%) | 23 (79.3) | 21 (77.8) | 0.890 |
Pain medication, yes, frequency (%) | 16 (55.2) | 13 (48.1) | 0.599 |
Antidepressant medication, yes, frequency (%) | 14 (48.3) | 11 (40.7) | 0.571 |
Anxiolytic medication, yes, frequency (%) | 13 (44.8) | 10 (37.0) | 0.554 |
Exercise (n = 29) | TAU (n = 27) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Pre- | Post- | Δ% | Pre- | Post- | Δ% | p | Ƞ2 |
GH 20’ (ng/mL) | 2.87 (2.88) | 4.74 (6.00) | 65.2 | 3.76 (4.84) | 3.38 (5.21) | −10.1 | 0.048 | 0.07 |
GH (ng/mL) | 3.65 (3.89) | 3.45 (4.57) | −5.5 | 2.40 (2.72) | 2.60 (4.99) | 8.3 | 0.656 | <0.01 |
VO2 Max. (ml/kg/min) a | 20.06 (5.58) | 22.02 (5.68) | 9.8 | 19.18 (4.60) | 18.47 (4.17) | −3.7 | 0.006 | 0.15 |
Pressure (cm3) b | 5.68 (2.58) | 6.53 (2.68) | 15.0 | 5.58 (2.70) | 5.94 (2.17) | 6.5 | 0.296 | 0.02 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.71 (3.90) | 26.64 (4.15) | −0.3 | 27.03 (5.89) | 26.43 (5.66) | −2.2 | 0.091 | 0.05 |
Σ skinfolds | 156.78 (43.77) | 141.23 (39.39) | −9.9 | 153.41 (51.65) | 149.37 (42.72) | −2.6 | 0.042 | 0.08 |
FIQ | 66.90 (14.44) | 58.71 (19.08) | −12.4 | 75.81 (14.08) | 68.36 (20.44) | −9.8 | 0.807 | <0.01 |
EQ-5D | 0.22 (0.29) | 0.40 (0.34) | 81.8 | 0.21 (0.31) | 0.23 (0.31) | 8.7 | 0.019 | 0.10 |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. GH 20’ | |||||||
2. GH basal | 0.72 *** | ||||||
3. VO2 max | 0.33 ** | 0.47 *** | |||||
4. Pressure | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.16 | ||||
5. BMI | −0.41 *** | −0.50 *** | −0.50 *** | 0.01 | |||
6. Σ skinfolds | −0.45 *** | −0.49 *** | −0.38 ** | 0.15 | 0.83 *** | ||
7. FIQ | −0.11 | −0.19 | −0.34 ** | −0.18 | 0.07 | 0.27 * | |
8. EQ-5D | 0.15 | 0.23 * | 0.34 ** | 0.27 | −0.14 | −0.30 * | −0.87 *** |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. GH 20’ | |||||||
2. GH basal | 0.88 *** | ||||||
3. VO2 max | 0.48 ** | 0.38 ** | |||||
4. Pressure | 0.17 | 0.20 | 0.22 | ||||
5. BMI | −0.52 *** | −0.50 *** | −0.41 ** | −0.12 | |||
6. Σ skinfolds | −0.49 *** | −0.47 *** | −0.40 ** | 0.05 | 0.79 *** | ||
7. FIQ | −0.20 | −0.15 | −0.40 ** | −0.38 ** | 0.10 | 0.18 | |
8. EQ-5D | 0.27 * | 0.22 | 0.43 ** | 0.19 | −0.07 | −0.21 | −0.79 *** |
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Estrada-Marcén, N.C.; Casterad-Seral, J.; Montero-Marin, J.; Serrano-Ostáriz, E. Can an Aerobic Exercise Programme Improve the Response of the Growth Hormone in Fibromyalgia Patients? A Randomised Controlled Trial. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 2261. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032261
Estrada-Marcén NC, Casterad-Seral J, Montero-Marin J, Serrano-Ostáriz E. Can an Aerobic Exercise Programme Improve the Response of the Growth Hormone in Fibromyalgia Patients? A Randomised Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(3):2261. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032261
Chicago/Turabian StyleEstrada-Marcén, Nerea C., Jaime Casterad-Seral, Jesus Montero-Marin, and Enrique Serrano-Ostáriz. 2023. "Can an Aerobic Exercise Programme Improve the Response of the Growth Hormone in Fibromyalgia Patients? A Randomised Controlled Trial" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3: 2261. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032261