Portuguese Version of the HLS-EU-Q6 and HLS-EU-Q16 Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Aim
2.2. Design
2.3. Characteristics of Participants
2.4. Adaptation for Portuguese Language
2.5. Characterization of Instrument—HLS-EU-PT-Q16
2.6. Characterization of Instrument HLS-EU-PT-Q6
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Responses to the HLS-EU-PT-Q16 and HLS-EU-PT6 Items
3.2. Spearman Correlation Analysis
3.3. Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient
3.4. Level of Health Literacy
4. Discussion
Limitation
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Area | On a Scale from Very Easy to Very Difficult, How Easy Would You Say It Is To | Very Easy | Easy | Difficult | Very Difficult | Don’t Know/Refusal |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HC | 1. find information on treatments of illness that concern you | 144; 14.8% | 564; 58.0% | 226; 23.2% | 33; 3.4% | 6; 0.6% |
HC | 2. find out where to get professional help when you are ill? | 176; 18.1% | 515; 52.9% | 252; 25.9% | 26; 2.7% | 4; 0.4% |
HC | 3. understand what your doctor says to you? | 207; 21.3% | 589; 60.5% | 166; 17.1% | 8; 0.8% | 3; 0.3% |
HC | 4. understand your doctor’s or pharmacist’s instruction on how to take a prescribed medicine | 358; 36.8% | 517; 53.1% | 81; 8.3% | 11; 1.1% | 6; 0.6% |
HC | 5. judge when you may need to get a second opinion from another doctor? † | 93; 9.6% | 479; 49.2% | 352; 36.2% | 41; 4.2% | 8; 0.8% |
HC | 6. use information the doctor gives you to make decisions about your illness? † | 98; 10.1% | 588; 60.4% | 250; 25.7% | 31; 3.2% | 6; 0.6% |
HC | 7. follow instructions from your doctor or pharmacist? | 345; 35.5% | 541; 55.6% | 72; 7.4% | 11; 1.1% | 4; 0.4% |
DP | 8. find information on how to manage mental health problems like stress or depression? † | 133; 13.7% | 456; 46.9% | 334; 34.3% | 41; 4.2% | 9; 0.9% |
DP | 9. understand health warnings about behaviour such as smoking, low physical activity and drinking too much? | 353; 36.3% | 529; 54.4% | 81; 8.3% | 10; 1.0% | 0; 0.0% |
DP | 10. understand why you need health screenings? | 381; 39.2% | 504; 51.8% | 69; 7.1% | 7; 0.7% | 12; 1.2% |
DP | 11. judge if the information on health risks in the media is reliable? † | 94; 9.7% | 410; 42.1 | 410; 42.1% | 47; 4.8% | 12; 1.2% |
DP | 12. decide how you can protect yourself from illness based on information in the media? | 91; 9.4% | 448; 46.0% | 371; 38.1% | 51; 5.2% | 12; 1.2% |
HP | 13. find out about activities that are good for your mental well-being? † | 236; 24.3% | 512; 52.6% | 192; 19.7% | 33; 3.4% | 0; 0.0% |
HP | 14. understand advice on health from family members or friends? | 133; 13.7% | 595; 61.2% | 205; 21.1% | 33; 3.4% | 7; 0.7% |
HP | 15. understand information in the media on how to get healthier? † | 185; 19.0% | 584; 60.0% | 184; 18.9% | 18; 1.8% | 2; 0.2% |
HP | 16. judge which everyday behaviour is related to your health? | 206; 21.2% | 585; 60.1% | 150; 15.4% | 23; 2.4% | 9; 0.9% |
Item 1 | Item 2 | Item 3 | Item 4 | Item 5 † | Item 6 † | Item 7 | Item 8† | Item 9 | Item 10 | Item 11 † | Item 12 | Item 13 † | Item 14 | Item 15 † | Item 16 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Item 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
Item 2 | 0.367 * | 1 | ||||||||||||||
Item 3 | 0.354 * | 0.353 * | 1 | |||||||||||||
Item 4 | 0.273 * | 0.321 * | 0.493 * | 1 | ||||||||||||
Item 5 † | 0.313 * | 0.338 * | 0.318 * | 0.299 * | 1 | |||||||||||
Item 6 † | 0.298 * | 0.355 * | 0.411 * | 0.333 * | 0.389 * | 1 | ||||||||||
Item 7 | 0.241 * | 0.320 * | 0.362 * | 0.538 * | 0.249 * | 0.309 * | 1 | |||||||||
Item 8 † | 0.412 * | 0.347 * | 0.266 * | 0.267 * | 0.306 * | 0.355 * | 0.270 * | 1 | ||||||||
Item 9 | 0.267 * | 0.341 * | 0.333 * | 0.480 * | 0.283 * | 0.297 * | 0.495 * | 0.328 * | 1 | |||||||
Item 10 | 0.317 * | 0.360 * | 0.367 * | 0.450 * | 0.271 * | 0.273 * | 0.496 * | 0.296 * | 0.547 * | 1 | ||||||
Item 11† | 0.296 * | 0.307 * | 0.220 * | 0.183 * | 0.397 * | 0.371 * | 0.184 * | 0.402 * | 0.204 * | 0.229 * | 1 | |||||
Item 12 | 0.328 * | 0.297 * | 0.223 * | 0.193 * | 0.323 * | 0.370 * | 0.183 * | 0.365 * | 0.219 * | 0.226 * | 0.531 * | 1 | ||||
Item 13 † | 0.299 * | 0.319 * | 0.261 * | 0.303 * | 0.297 * | 0.305 * | 0.294 * | 0.417 * | 0.405 * | 0.356 * | 0.385 * | 0.339 * | 1 | |||
Item 14 | 0.204 * | 0.278 * | 0.232 * | 0.279 * | 0.255 * | 0.304 * | 0.249 * | 0.266 * | 0.276 * | 0.263 * | 0.307 * | 0.367 * | 0.304 * | 1 | ||
Item 15 † | 0.242 * | 0.314 * | 0.293 * | 0.418 * | 0.306 * | 0.328 * | 0.422 * | 0.298 * | 0.456 * | 0.374 * | 0.399 * | 0.354 * | 0.407 * | 0.415 * | 1 | |
Item 16 | 0.250 * | 0.316 * | 0.319 * | 0.356 * | 0.369 * | 0.307 * | 0.386 * | 0.324 * | 0.423 * | 0.402 * | 0.340 * | 0.299 * | 0.408 * | 0.291 * | 0.439 * | 1 |
G HL 47 | G HL 16 | G HL 6 | HLS-EU-PT-Q16 | HLS-EU-PT-Q6 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
G HL 47 | 1 | ||||
G HL 16 | 0.949 * | 1 | |||
G HL 6 | 0.874 * | 0.896 * | 1 | ||
HLS-EU-PT-Q16 | 0.852 * | 0.876 * | 0.866 * | 1 | |
HLS-EU-PT-Q6 | 0.873 * | 0.896 * | 1 * | 0.871 * | 1 |
G HL 47 | G HL 16 | G HL 6 | |
---|---|---|---|
Inadequate | 163 (17.0%) | 153 (15.7%) | 338 (34.7%) |
Problematic | 425 (44.4%) | 379 (39.0%) | 263 (27.0%) |
Sufficient | 289 (30.2%) | 355 (36.5%) | 303 (31.1%) |
Excellent | 80 (8.4%) | 86 (8.8%) | 69 (7.1%) |
HLS-EU-PT-Q16 | HLS-EU-PT-Q6 | |
---|---|---|
Inadequate | 156 (16.0%) | 65 (6.9%) |
Problematic | 323 (33.2%) | 672 (71.8%) |
Adequate | 495 (50.8%) | 199 (21.3%) |
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Pedro, A.R.; Raposo, B.; Luís, L.; Amaral, O.; Escoval, A.; Simões Dias, S. Portuguese Version of the HLS-EU-Q6 and HLS-EU-Q16 Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 2892. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042892
Pedro AR, Raposo B, Luís L, Amaral O, Escoval A, Simões Dias S. Portuguese Version of the HLS-EU-Q6 and HLS-EU-Q16 Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(4):2892. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042892
Chicago/Turabian StylePedro, Ana Rita, Beatriz Raposo, Luís Luís, Odete Amaral, Ana Escoval, and Sara Simões Dias. 2023. "Portuguese Version of the HLS-EU-Q6 and HLS-EU-Q16 Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4: 2892. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042892