Rapid Start-Up Characteristics of Anammox under Different Inoculation Conditions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Seeding Sludge
2.2. Feeding Water
2.3. Experimental Setup
2.4. Analysis Methods
2.5. High-Throughput Sequencing
3. Results and Discussions
3.1. Nitrogen Removal Performance Comparison
3.2. Stoichiometric Ratio
3.3. pH
3.4. Microstructure Morphology and SEM Analysis
3.5. Specific Anammox Activity
3.6. Extracellular Polymers
3.7. Microbial Community Analysis
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Analytical Projects | Analysis Methods | Instruments Used |
---|---|---|
NH4+-N | Nascent reagent spectrophotometry | V-1100D Visible Spectrophotometer, Shanghai Meipu (Shanghai, China) |
NO2−-N | N-(1-naphthyl)-ethylenediamine photometric method | V-1100D Visible Spectrophotometer, Shanghai Meipu (Shanghai, China) |
NO3−-N | UV spectrophotometry | TU-1901 UV Spectrophotometer, Beijing Pu-Analysis (Beijing, China) |
EPS Extraction | The sample was washed 3 times with pure water, then transferred to a 50 mL centrifuge tube, added 20 mL of pure water, heated at 80 °C f or 10 min, and centrifuged at 8× g for 20 min. The supernatant was filtered through a 0.45 µm filter membrane, and the filtrate was the EPS extract, which was stored at −20 °C. | BIO-RAD Burroughs Enzyme Labeler (Hercules, CA, USA) |
PN | BCA Protein Reagent Kits (C503051) | BIO-RAD Burroughs Enzyme Labeler (Hercules, CA, USA) |
PS | phenol-sulfuric acid method | BIO-RAD Burroughs Enzyme Labeler (Hercules, CA, USA) |
MLVSS | Burning weight reduction method | Muffle furnace (KSW-6-12) (Beijin, China) |
Surface structure | The samples were first washed 3 times with deionized water, then fixed with glutaraldehyde at a concentration of 2.5% in a refrigerator at 4 °C for 4 h, and the resulting mud-water mixture was then rinsed 3 times in 1 mol/L phosphate buffer solution, then dehydrated with ethanol solutions at concentrations of 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% (a total of 3 times), followed by a 1:1 mixture of ethanol, isoamyl acetate, and pure Isoamyl acetate solution for 1 time, and finally dried and sprayed with gold. | SEM (Prisma, E) (Waltham, MA, USA) |
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Tan, Q.; Xia, S.; Xu, W.; Jian, Y. Rapid Start-Up Characteristics of Anammox under Different Inoculation Conditions. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 2979. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042979
Tan Q, Xia S, Xu W, Jian Y. Rapid Start-Up Characteristics of Anammox under Different Inoculation Conditions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(4):2979. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042979
Chicago/Turabian StyleTan, Qiong, Suhui Xia, Wenlai Xu, and Yue Jian. 2023. "Rapid Start-Up Characteristics of Anammox under Different Inoculation Conditions" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4: 2979. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042979