Evidence of Use of Whole-Body Vibration in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Sources
2.2. Eligibility Criteria
2.3. Study Selection
2.4. Data Collection Process and Data Items
2.5. Level of Evidence of the Selected Publications
2.6. Methodological Quality and Risk of Bias
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Results of the Systematic Review
3.2. Results of the Meta-Analysis
4. Discussion
4.1. Strengths
4.2. Study Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study | Study Design | Country | Demographics | Aim | Results | Level of Evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Carvalho-Lima et al., 2017 [20] | A Randomized Clinical Trial | Brazil/Spain | n = 21 (7 men/14 women) (i) CG: n = 7; (ii) WBVE1: n = 7; (iii) WBVE2: n = 7; Age 66.65 ± 2.90 years. | Evaluate the effect of WBVE on the quality of the life of individuals with MSy through the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. | WBVE in a protocol (one or two times per week) with a progressive and increased frequency improves the quality of life of patients with MSy in different domains of the WHOQOL-BREF. | II |
Paineiras-Domingos et al., 2018 [22] | Pseudo-randomized controlled trial study | Brazil/Italy | n = 39 (i) WBVEeG: n = 22 (ii) CG: n = 17; Age 47 to 69 years. | Evaluate functionality through SPPB in individuals with MSy after WBVE. | WBVE is a feasible physical activity for individuals with Msy. Through the adhesion to this type of aerobic activity, some functional parameters such as balance, gait, and lower limb strength are improved. Consequently, a better quality of life can be offered to these individuals, contributing to what is advocated as intervention strategy in this syndrome: a change to a better lifestyle. | III-1 |
Sá-Caputo et al., 2018 [9] | Pseudo-randomized controlled Trial | Brazil/France/Spain/Australia | n = 44 (i) CG: n = 15 Age 58.20 ± 9.11 years BM 87.43 ± 18.02 kg (ii) WBVE exercise: n = 29 Age 61.10 ± 8.39 years, BM 83.65 ± 16.27 kg | Assess the acute effect of WBVE exercise, with low frequency (5 Hz), on the pain level, trunk flexibility, and cardiovascular responses ([BP] and [HR]) in individuals with Msy. | WBVE exposure with low frequency (5 Hz) is responsible in inducing physiological parameters that contribute to decrease the PL and to increase the flexibility as well as to maintain cardiovascular responses (HR and BP) in individuals with Msy. | III-1 |
Sousa-Gonçalves et al., 2019 [1] | Quasi-randomized and cross-over controlled trial study | Brazil/France/Italy | n = 39 (i) CG: n = 17 Age 58.1 ± 2.07 years, BM 88.8 ± 4.08 kg (ii) TG: n = 22 Age 60.7 ± 1.91 years, BM:83.1 ± 3.65 kg. | Analyze the effects of WBVE on Msy individuals’ neuromuscular activation using the sEMG pattern RMS of the VL muscle and on the ROM of the knees. | WBVE can be a modality of exercise to increase the neuromuscular activity of the VL muscle using a 5-week protocol. An increase in ROM of the knees in individuals with Msy was not observed with the same protocol. WBVE appears to be an adequate strategy to improve neuromuscular activity in individuals with Msy, overweight, and obesity, being a potential opportunity for the management of physical impairment in these individuals. Nevertheless, further additional studies with larger samples and more prolonged periods of WBVE exposure are needed to confirm our preliminary findings. | III-1 |
Figueiredo-Azeredo et al., 2019 [21] | Cross-sectional and randomized study | Brazil//France/Italy | n = 19 (i) GFF: n = 9 (ii) GVF: n = 10 Age 58.79 ± 12.55 years Height: 1.62 ± 0.09 m BM: 86.27 ± 15.03 kg | Investigate the effect of WBVE exercise on parameters related to the sleep quality in MSy individuals. | WBVE intervention was capable of interfering with physiological mechanisms with effects on the WC and HR, leading to the improvement of the quality of sleep in MSy individuals. WBVE exercise might be an important clinical intervention for the management of some factors associated with poor quality of sleep (FFG and VFG) and in the daytime sleepiness in MSy individuals with variable frequencies (5–16 Hz). | II |
Paiva et al., 2019 [24] | Randomized clinical trial pilot study | Brazil/France/Italy/New Zealand | n = 19 patients Age 58.79 ± 12.55 years Height: 1.62 ± 0.09 m BM: 86.27 ± 15.03 kg | Evaluate the acute and cumulative effects from 6 weeks of WBVE exercise using 2 biomechanical conditions [FF] and [VF]) on flexibility and RPE in MSy individuals. | WBVE exercise improved the flexibility and decreased the RPE in MSy individuals. These findings suggest that WBVE exercise can be incorporated into physical activities for MSy individuals. | II |
Paineiras-Domingos et al., 2020 [23] | Pseudo-randomized crossover study | Brazil/France/Italy | n = 33 patients (i) WBVEeG, n = 17, (15 women/02 men) Age 61.1 ± 8.4 years (ii) CG, n = 16,(14 women/02 men) Age 58.2 ± 9.1 years | Evaluate the effects of WBVE on quality of life and chronic pain in individuals MSy. | WBVE in MSy individuals is capable significantly (i) to promote na improvement of QoL considering the physical and psychological domains, as accumulative effect and (ii) to reduce CPL in the acute interventions in the first and in the last sessions. Therefore, WBVE would represent a suitable and useful physical activity that could be included in health programs for MSy individuals, following the WHO recommendations. | III-1 |
Reis-Silva et al., 2022 [26] | Randomized controlled trial | Brazil/France/Italy | n = 22 patients (16 women/6 men), FFG-WBVE (n = 12; median age = 50.50 years and BMI = 31.95 kg/m2) VFG-WBVE (n = 10; median age = 57.50 years and BMI = 32.50 kg/m2) | Investigate the effects of two 6-week WBVE protocols on body composition in patients with MSy. | 6-weeks of VFG-WBVE, performed actively, can positively modify body composition in individuals with MSy. The improvement in fat mass, on the left and right arms and trunk, is clinically noteworthy, since the reduction of this fat tissue can contribute to improvements in metabolic health and reduce the cardiovascular risk factor. | II |
Study | WBVE Intervention | Parameters | Type of Vibrating Platform | Positioning | Time WBVE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Carvalho-Lima et al., 2017 [20] | 10 weeks WBVE1 one time per week; WBVE2 twice times per week. | CG: platform turn off; WBVE1/WBVE2: Peak-to-peak displacements of (2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm), frequency progressively 5 Hz–14 Hz. | Side Alternating vibrating Platform. (Novaplate Fitness Evolution, DAF Produtos Hospitalares Ltd.a., São Paulo, Brazil) | 1 session/week: sat in a chair placed in in front of the platform with flexion of the knees. Their feet were on the platform base in three positions. (5 Hz). 2–10 session/week: squat position and the frequency was progressively increased by one unit for each session (6 Hz–14 Hz). | The work time was 1 min with 1 min rest in each peak-to-peak. This sequence was repeated two more times in each session. |
Paineiras-Domingos et al., 2018 [22] | 10 sessions | CG: platform turn off. WBVEeG: Peak-to-peak displacements of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm, frequencies ranged from 5 up to 14 Hz. | Side Alternating vibrating Platform. (Novaplate Fitness Evolution, DAF Produtos Hospitalares Ltd.a., São Paulo, Brazil) | 1 session: seated on a chair in front of the platform with hands kept on their knees and feet positioned on the base of the platform. (5 Hz). 2–10 session: standing on the base of the platform with a squat, static position (knees flexed at 130°). (6–14 Hz). | The work time was 1 min with 1 min rest in each peak-to-peak. (3 min in each amplitude, with a resting period of 1 min) (total time: 18 min/session) |
Sá-Caputo et al., 2018 [9] | 1 session | CG: platform turn off. WBVE exercise group: Peak-to-peak displacements of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm, frequency 5 Hz and corresponding to peak accelerations of 0.12, 0.25, and 0.35 g, respectively. | Side Alternating vibrating Platform. (Novaplate Fitness Evolution, DAF Produtos Hospitalares Ltd.a., São Paulo, Brazil) | Sitting in a chair with feet on the platform with knees flexed. | 3 bouts (1 min each). The session consisted of 9-min bout of work interspersed with 1-min passive rest period between each bout (total time: 17 min). |
Sousa-Gonçalves et al., 2019 [1] | 5 weeks (twice a week) 10 sessions | CG: platform turn off.; TG: Peak to peak displacements of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm) and with a frequency of 5–14 Hz. | Side Alternating vibrating Platform. (Novaplate Fitness Evolution, DAF Produtos Hospitalares Ltd.a., São Paulo, Brazil) | 1 session: Seated on a chair placed in front of the platform with a 130° knee flexion. Their feet, shoeless, were placed on the base of the platform, alternately in three positions. 2–10 session: Standing on the base of the platform in a squat, static position (130° knee flexion), and the frequency was progressively increased by 1 unit per session. (6–14 Hz). | The working time in each position was 1 min followed by 1 min of rest. This sequence was performed three times. |
Figueiredo-Azeredo et al., 2019 [21] | 6 weeks (twice a week) | FFG: Peak to peak displacements of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm) and with a frequency of 5 Hz. WBVE Group: Peak to peak displacements of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm) and with a frequency of 5–16 Hz. | Side Alternating vibrating Platform. (Novaplate Fitness Evolution, DAF Produtos Hospitalares Ltd.a., São Paulo, Brazil) | Squat position, barefoot and with (130° knee flexion). Dynamic and static squats interspersed sessions. | FFG performed 60 s of vibration (10 s of vibration and 110 s of non-vibration) and 60 s of non-vibration in each bout and WBVE Group performed 60 s of vibration and 60 s of non-vibration in each bout. From 1 to 4 weeks were performed 3 bouts in each session, (total time:18 min); From 5 to 8 weeks, were performed 4 bouts in each session (total time: 24 min); From 9 to 12 weeks were performed 5 bouts in each session, (total time:30 min). |
Paiva et al., 2019 [24] | 6 weeks (twice a week) 12 sessions | FF-WBVE: Peak to peak displacements of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm) and with a frequency of 5 Hz. VF-WBVE: Peak to peak displacements of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm) and with a frequency of 5–16 Hz. | Side Alternating vibrating Platform. (Novaplate Fitness Evolution, DAF Produtos Hospitalares Ltd.a., São Paulo, Brazil) | Dynamic and static squats interspersed sessions (start 1st with static squat). | FF-WBVE: 10 s plus 50 s with the vibration machine turned off (1 min) in the squat position and rested for 1 min. Performed 3 times in the first and second weeks (total time:18 min). In the third and fourth weeks, the sequence was performed 4 times (total time:24 min) and in the fifth and sixth weeks, 5 times (total time: 30 min). VF-WBVE: 1 min with the vibration machine turned on and rested for 1 min. Performed 3 times in the first week (total time of 18 min), 5 Hz (1th session), and 6 Hz (2th session); in the second week (total time:18 min), 7 Hz (3th session) and 8 Hz (4th session); in the third week (total time: 24 min), 9 Hz (5th session) and 10 Hz (6th session); in the fourth week (total time:24 min), 11 Hz (7th session) and 12 Hz (8th session); in the fifth week (total time:30 min), 13 Hz (9th session) and 14 Hz (10th session); and in the sixth week (total time: 30 min), 15 Hz (11th session) and 16 Hz (12th session). |
Paineiras-Domingos et al., 2020 [23] | 10 weeks 10 sessions | CG: platform turn off. WBVEeG: Peak to peak displacements of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm) and with a frequency of 5–14 Hz. | Side Alternating vibrating Platform. (Novaplate Fitness Evolution, DAF Produtos Hospitalares Ltd.a., São Paulo, Brazil) | 1 session: Seated on a chair placed in front of the platform with a 130° knee flexion. Their feet, shoeless, were placed on the base of the platform, alternately in three positions. 2–10 session: Standing on the base of the platform in a squat, static position (130° knee flexion), and the frequency was progressively increased by 1 unit per session. (6–14 Hz). | Work time was 1 min and 1 min rest in each position. This procedure was done three times with the total time WBVE exercise: 18 min. |
Reis-Silva et al., 2022 [26] | 6 weeks, twice a week (12 sessions) | FFG-WBVE: Peak to peak displacements of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm) and with a frequency 5 Hz in all sessions. VFG-WBVE: Peak to peak displacements of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm) and with a frequency of 5–16 Hz with an increase of 1 Hz at each session. | Side Alternating vibrating Platform. (Novaplate Fitness Evolution, DAF Produtos Hospitalares Ltd.a., São Paulo, Brazil) | The patient was positioned barefoot, in a semi-squat position with 130° knee flexion controlled by a goniometer, trunk erect, hands lightly resting on the side bar of the platform, relaxed shoulders, and head in a neutral position. The WBVE was performed statically or dynamically (in alternating sessions). | FFG-WBVE: the individual performed 1 min of WBVE (10 s with vibration and 50 s without vibration- semi squat position) and 1 min of rest) in 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 mm PPD. This sequence was performed 3 times from the 1st to the 4th session (18 min of total time); 4 times from the 5th to the 8th session (24 min of total time) and 5 times from the 9 to the 12th session (30 min of total time). VFG-WBVE: the individual performed 1 min of WBVE (semi squat position) and 1 min of rest in 2.5-, 5.0- and 7.5-mm PPD. This sequence was performed 3 times from the 1st to the 4th session (18 min of total time); 4 times from the 5th to the 8th session (24 min of total time) and 5 times from the 9 to the 12th session (30 min of total time). |
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Coelho-Oliveira, A.C.; Monteiro-Oliveira, B.B.; Gonçalves de Oliveira, R.; Reis-Silva, A.; Ferreira-Souza, L.F.; Lacerda, A.C.R.; Mendonça, V.A.; Sartorio, A.; Taiar, R.; Bernardo-Filho, M.; et al. Evidence of Use of Whole-Body Vibration in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 3765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043765
Coelho-Oliveira AC, Monteiro-Oliveira BB, Gonçalves de Oliveira R, Reis-Silva A, Ferreira-Souza LF, Lacerda ACR, Mendonça VA, Sartorio A, Taiar R, Bernardo-Filho M, et al. Evidence of Use of Whole-Body Vibration in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(4):3765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043765
Chicago/Turabian StyleCoelho-Oliveira, Ana Carolina, Bruno Bessa Monteiro-Oliveira, Raphael Gonçalves de Oliveira, Aline Reis-Silva, Luiz Felipe Ferreira-Souza, Ana Cristina Rodrigues Lacerda, Vanessa A. Mendonça, Alessandro Sartorio, Redha Taiar, Mario Bernardo-Filho, and et al. 2023. "Evidence of Use of Whole-Body Vibration in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4: 3765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043765