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Review

Applying Nudge to Public Health Policy: Practical Examples and Tips for Designing Nudge Interventions

by
Hiroshi Murayama
1,2,*,
Yusuke Takagi
2,3,
Hirokazu Tsuda
4,5 and
Yuri Kato
5,6
1
Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
2
Yokohama Behavioral insights and Design Team, Kanagawa 231-0005, Japan
3
City of Yokohama, Yokohama 231-0005, Japan
4
Ministry of Finance, Tokyo 100-8940, Japan
5
PolicyGarage, Kanagawa 231-0005, Japan
6
Ministry of the Environment, Tokyo 100-8975, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(5), 3962; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053962
Submission received: 4 January 2023 / Revised: 18 February 2023 / Accepted: 20 February 2023 / Published: 23 February 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Aging)
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Abstract

Given the cost-effective nature of promoting desirable behaviors among individuals and societies, national and local governments have widely applied the nudge concept in various public policy fields. This viewpoint briefly explains the concept of nudge and presents the trend of nudge application in public health policy with illustrative examples. While most academic evidence on its effectiveness has been derived from Western countries, there is a significant accumulation of cases of nudge practices in non-Western countries, including the Western Pacific nations. This viewpoint also provides tips for designing nudge interventions. We introduce a simple, three-step procedure for this purpose: (1) identify target behavior, (2) determine friction and fuel of the behavior, and (3) design and implement a nudge—as well as the behavioral process map and the EAST framework.
Keywords: nudge; behavioral economics; public health policy; behavioral process map; the EAST framework nudge; behavioral economics; public health policy; behavioral process map; the EAST framework

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MDPI and ACS Style

Murayama, H.; Takagi, Y.; Tsuda, H.; Kato, Y. Applying Nudge to Public Health Policy: Practical Examples and Tips for Designing Nudge Interventions. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 3962. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053962

AMA Style

Murayama H, Takagi Y, Tsuda H, Kato Y. Applying Nudge to Public Health Policy: Practical Examples and Tips for Designing Nudge Interventions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(5):3962. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053962

Chicago/Turabian Style

Murayama, Hiroshi, Yusuke Takagi, Hirokazu Tsuda, and Yuri Kato. 2023. "Applying Nudge to Public Health Policy: Practical Examples and Tips for Designing Nudge Interventions" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 5: 3962. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053962

APA Style

Murayama, H., Takagi, Y., Tsuda, H., & Kato, Y. (2023). Applying Nudge to Public Health Policy: Practical Examples and Tips for Designing Nudge Interventions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(5), 3962. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053962

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