Two-Stage Energy Management Strategy of EV and PV Integrated Smart Home to Minimize Electricity Cost and Flatten Power Load Profile
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. System Description and Modeling
2.1. System Description
2.2. System Modeling
2.2.1. Solar Photovoltaic Panel
2.2.2. Electric Vehicle Modeling
2.2.3. Household Load Demand
3. Proposed Energy Management Strategy
3.1. Proposed Energy Management Strategy for Smart Home Integrated with EV, and PV
- Determine the low and high periods of electricity price.
- Detect the high and low electricity consumption periods in the studied home.
- Reduce the electricity cost and fill the valley thanks to charging EV from grid utility when the electricity price is low and electricity consumption is low simultaneously.
- Control the state-of-charge of electric vehicle battery to prevent the overcharge and over-discharge during charging and discharging, respectively.
- Determine the periods of a negative correlation among PV generation and the load that must be covered by PV generation to charge the electric vehicle from the surpluses PV generation.
- Reduce the peak load thanks to electric vehicle discharge to feed the load demand during the peak load period.
3.1.1. Stage A
3.1.2. Stage B
3.2. Proposed Energy Management Strategy for Smart Home Integrated with EV without PV
4. Economic Analysis
4.1. Case A: Home Equipped with EV and without EMS
4.2. Case B: Home Equipped with EV and EMS
4.3. Case C: Home Equipped with EV, PV, and EMS
5. Results and Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Value |
---|---|
EV battery capacity | 19 kWh |
90% | |
20% | |
50% | |
Energy required for EV trip | 9.2 kWh |
Maximum power limit | 1.5 kW |
Minimum power limit | −1.5 kW |
Leaving times | 8:00, 14:00 |
Arrival times | 12:00, 17:00 |
Vehicle efficiency | 14 kWh/100 km |
Parameter | Value | Value After Tax Credit |
---|---|---|
lifetime | 25 | - |
PV Rated power | 1 kW | - |
Capital cost | 2830 $/kW | 2094.2 $/kW |
O and M cost | 22 $/KW (per year) | 22 $/Kw (per year) |
Interest rate | 4.8% | - |
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Abdalla, M.A.A.; Min, W.; Mohammed, O.A.A. Two-Stage Energy Management Strategy of EV and PV Integrated Smart Home to Minimize Electricity Cost and Flatten Power Load Profile. Energies 2020, 13, 6387. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13236387
Abdalla MAA, Min W, Mohammed OAA. Two-Stage Energy Management Strategy of EV and PV Integrated Smart Home to Minimize Electricity Cost and Flatten Power Load Profile. Energies. 2020; 13(23):6387. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13236387
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdalla, Modawy Adam Ali, Wang Min, and Omer Abbaker Ahmed Mohammed. 2020. "Two-Stage Energy Management Strategy of EV and PV Integrated Smart Home to Minimize Electricity Cost and Flatten Power Load Profile" Energies 13, no. 23: 6387. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13236387