Carbon Emission Estimation of Assembled Composite Concrete Beams during Construction
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Life Cycle Assessment Theory
3. Sources of Carbon Emissions in the Whole Construction Process of Prefabricated Components
3.1. Production Stage
3.2. Transportation Stage
3.3. Installation Stage
4. Calculation Model of Carbon Emissions
4.1. Production Stage
4.2. Transport Stage
4.3. Installation Stage
5. Case Study
5.1. Production Stage
5.2. Transport Stage
5.3. Installation Stage
6. Data Analysis
6.1. Carbon Emission Assessment in the Whole Construction Process of CG-2 Composite Beams
6.2. Carbon Emission Assessment of CG-2 Composite Beams under Three Different Types of Transportation Energy Consumption
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Transportation Vehicles | Value/[kg CO2eq/(km.t)] |
---|---|
Medium Gasoline truck (load 2 t) | 0.1034 |
Heavy Gasoline truck (load 10 t) | 0.1402 |
Medium Diesel truck (load 8 t) | 0.1663 |
Heavy Diesel truck (load 10 t) | 0.1772 |
Electric truck | 0.0109 |
Diameter | Amount | Size (mm) | Volume (m3) |
---|---|---|---|
Φ14 | 2 | 0.00125 | |
Φ12 | 2 | 0.00056 | |
Φ8 | 1 | 0.00012 | |
Φ8 | 13 | 0.00025 | |
Φ6 | 11 | 0.00029 | |
Φ6 | 9 | 0.00006 | |
Φ6 | 2 | 0.00005 | |
total | 40 | 0.00258 |
Product Name | Density (kg/m3) | Volume (m3) | Mass (kg) |
---|---|---|---|
Hot-rolled reinforced bar | 7890 | 0.00258 | 20.356 |
C30 concrete | 2360 | 0.156 | 368.16 |
Reinforced concrete | 2449 | 0.15858 | 388.516 |
Product Name | Consumption | Carbon Emission Coefficient | Carbon Emission (kg) |
---|---|---|---|
Hot-rolled reinforced bar | 305.34 kg | 2.617 kg CO2eq/kg | 799.07 |
C30 concrete | 2.34 m3 | 321.3 kg CO2eq/m3 | 751.84 |
Fuel oil | 70.5 L | 3.24 kg CO2eq/L | 228.49 |
electric energy | 270.8 kwh | 0.723 kg CO2eq/kwh | 195.79 |
Total | 1975.19 |
Name | Value |
---|---|
CG-2 composite beam components | 15 |
CG-2composite beam volume | 0.1586 m3 |
CG-2composite beam density | 2450 kg/m3 |
CG-2composite beam mass | 388.5 kg |
One-time transportation distance | 100 km |
One-time transportation components | 15 |
One-time transportation mass | 5.8275 t |
Transportation numbers | 1 |
No-load coefficient of truck | 0.67 |
Transportation Vehicle | Carbon Emission Coefficient /[kg CO2eq/(km.t)] | Carbon Emissions (kg) |
---|---|---|
Medium Diesel oil truck (load 8 t) | 0.1663 | 186.05 |
Medium Gasoline truck (load 8 t) | 0.1034 | 115.68 |
Electric truck (load 8 t) | 0.0109 | 12.24 |
Total | 313.97 |
Energy Consumption | Consumption (kwh) | Carbon Emission Coefficient | Carbon Emissions (kg) |
---|---|---|---|
Electric energy | 392.4 | 0.723 kg CO2eq/kwh | 283.71 |
Total | 283.71 |
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Xu, K.; Kang, H.; Wang, W.; Jiang, P.; Li, N. Carbon Emission Estimation of Assembled Composite Concrete Beams during Construction. Energies 2021, 14, 1810. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14071810
Xu K, Kang H, Wang W, Jiang P, Li N. Carbon Emission Estimation of Assembled Composite Concrete Beams during Construction. Energies. 2021; 14(7):1810. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14071810
Chicago/Turabian StyleXu, Kaitong, Haibo Kang, Wei Wang, Ping Jiang, and Na Li. 2021. "Carbon Emission Estimation of Assembled Composite Concrete Beams during Construction" Energies 14, no. 7: 1810. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14071810