Cascade System for Biomineralization in Cement: Project, Construction and Operationalization to Enhance Building Energy Efficiency
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Determination of Calcite Solubility Curve
2.2. Cascade System for Biomineralization in Cement (CSBC)
2.2.1. Process Engineering Step
- RS-A98 compressor (RS Electrical) with four outputs for the injection of air into the environment at a total flow rate of 12 L∙min−1;
- LZT M-6 air rotameter with flow measurement between 0.5 and 4.0 L∙min−1 (Flow Indicator and Controller [FIC]);
- Two Millipore Millex-GV hydrophilic filters with 0.22 µm pore diameter;
- Tecnal TE-392/93L bacteriological heat chamber with temperature measurement between 35.0 and 60.0 °C and error of 0.1 °C;
- Five reaction cells (Figure 2) made with glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG) by a Furling Yan printer (layer height: 0.2 mm), unit volume (each reactor) of 250 mL and coated with IBEX crystal polyester resin 67; and
- Five rubber gaskets for reactors.
2.2.2. Instrument, Electrical and Programming Step
- Arduino UNO R3 microcontroller;
- 220 V line filter;
- 5 V source;
- On/off buttons;
- Breadboard;
- Blue LCD screen, 16 × 2 digits, with I2C module;
- Relay module for activation of up to 5 V;
- Two DHT22 humidity sensor modules;
- White LED;
- 200 Ω resistor;
- RS-A98 compressor (RS Electrical); and
- Wires.
3. Results
3.1. Determination of Calcite Solubility Curve
3.2. Cascade System for Biomineralization in Cement (CSBC)
3.2.1. Process Engineering Step
3.2.2. Instrument, Electrical and Programming Step
4. Discussion
4.1. Process Engineering Step
4.2. Instrument, Electrical and Programming Step
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ferreira Brasileiro, P.P.; Cabral Roque, B.A.; Batista Brandão, Y.; Casazza, A.A.; Converti, A.; Benachour, M.; Asfora Sarubbo, L. Cascade System for Biomineralization in Cement: Project, Construction and Operationalization to Enhance Building Energy Efficiency. Energies 2022, 15, 5262. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145262
Ferreira Brasileiro PP, Cabral Roque BA, Batista Brandão Y, Casazza AA, Converti A, Benachour M, Asfora Sarubbo L. Cascade System for Biomineralization in Cement: Project, Construction and Operationalization to Enhance Building Energy Efficiency. Energies. 2022; 15(14):5262. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145262
Chicago/Turabian StyleFerreira Brasileiro, Pedro Pinto, Bruno Augusto Cabral Roque, Yana Batista Brandão, Alessandro Alberto Casazza, Attilio Converti, Mohand Benachour, and Leonie Asfora Sarubbo. 2022. "Cascade System for Biomineralization in Cement: Project, Construction and Operationalization to Enhance Building Energy Efficiency" Energies 15, no. 14: 5262. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145262