Research on Intelligent Comprehensive Evaluation of Coal Seam Impact Risk Based on BP Neural Network Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Influence Factor Analysis of Coal Seam Underground Impact Pressure
2.1. Mining Depth
2.2. Impact Propensity
2.3. Geological Structure
2.4. Mining Technology
3. Establishment of BP Neural Network Model for Coal Seam Impact Risk
3.1. Determination of Input Layer and Output Layer Neurons
- (1)
- Mining depth (h): 0 is h ≤ 400 m, 1 is 400 m < h ≤ 600 m, 2 is 600 m < h ≤ 800 m, 3 is mining depth > 800 m;
- (2)
- Dynamic destruction time (DT): 1 is DT > 500 ms, 2 is 50 ms < DT ≤ 500 ms, 3 is DT ≤ 50 ms;
- (3)
- Elastic energy index (WET): 0 is WET < 2, 1 is 2 ≤ WET < 3.5, 2 is 3.5 ≤ WET < 5, 3 is WET ≥ 5;
- (4)
- Impact energy index (KE): 1 is KE < 1.5, 2 is 1.5 ≤ KE < 5, 3 is KE ≥ 5;
- (5)
- Uniaxial compressive strength (Rc): 0 is Rc ≤ 10 MPa, 1 is 10 MPa < Rc ≤ 14 MPa, 2 is 14 MPa <Rc ≤ 20 MPa, 3 is Rc ≥ 20 MPa;
- (6)
- Impact tendency (UWQS) of roof rock stratum: 1 means no impact tendency UWQS ≤ 15 kJ, 2 means weak impact tendency 15 kJ < UWQS ≤ 120 kJ, 3 means strong impact tendency UWQS > 500 kJ;
- (7)
- Impact tendency (UWQS) of floor rock formation: 1 means no impact tendency UWQS ≤ 15 kJ, 2 means weak impact tendency 15 kJ < UWQS ≤ 120 kJ, 3 means strong impact tendency UWQS > 500 kJ;
- (8)
- Fault influence: 0 means no fault influence, 1 means the fault influence is small, 2 means the fault influence is large, and 3 means the fault influence is big;
- (9)
- Fold structure: 0 means the fold structure is simple, 1 means the fold structure is general, 2 means the fold structure is more complicated, and 3 means the fold structure is complex;
- (10)
- Influence of collapsed column: 0 means no impact of collapsed column, 1 means less impact of collapsed column, 2 means greater impact of collapsed column, 3 means greater impact of collapsed column;
- (11)
- Impact of river scour zone: 0 means no river scour zone impact, 1 means river scour zone has less impact, 2 means river scour zone has greater impact, 3 means river scour zone has great influence;
- (12)
- Working face length (L): 0 is L > 300 m, 1 is 150 m≤ L < 300 m, 2 is 100 m ≤L < 150 m, 3 is L < 100 m;
- (13)
- Section coal pillar width (d): 0 is d ≤ 3 m or d ≥ 50 m, 1 is 3 m < d ≤ 6 m, 2 is 6 m < d ≤ 10 m, 3 is 10 m < d < 50 m;
- (14)
- Bottom coal thickness (td): 0 is td = 0 m, 1 is 0 m < td ≤ 1 m, 2 is 1 m < td ≤ 2 m, 3 is td > 2 m;
- (15)
- The degree of pressure relief of the protective layer: 0 is good, 1 is good, 2 is medium, and 3 is very poor;
- (16)
- Working face empty parameters: 0 is solid coal working face, 1 is empty on one side, 2 is empty on both sides, and 3 is empty on three sides;
- (17)
- Coal mining process of working face: 0 is intelligent mining, 1 is fully mechanized mining, 2 is general mining, and 3 is blast mining;
- (18)
- Influence of structural anomaly zone: 0 means no structural anomaly zone influence, 1 means that the structural anomaly zone has little influence, 2 means that the structural anomaly zone has a great influence, and 3 means that the structural anomaly zone has a great influence.
3.2. The Number of Neurons in the Hidden Layer Is Determined
4. Model Training Process
4.1. Training Samples
4.2. Training Process
5. Project Example Application
6. Conclusions
- (1)
- It is determined that the influencing factors of coal seam shock risk are mining depth, shock tendency, geological structure and mining technology, and 18 indicators among the 4 major influencing factors were selected to establish a comprehensive evaluation model of coal seam shock risk BP neural network.
- (2)
- It has been proved, by engineering examples, that the trained network model can evaluate the risk level of coal seam impact well, and the use of the BP neural network model can greatly reduce the amount of human calculation, and propose a new method for the study of coal seam impact risk evaluation in mines.
- (3)
- It was found that the BP neural network method has good adaptability and accuracy in solving nonlinear problems, such as coal seam impact risk.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Index | ||||||||||||||||||
Mining depth | 0 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
Dynamic damage time | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | |
Elasticity index | 3 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | |
Impact energy index | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | |
Uniaxial compressive strength | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | |
Impact Tendency of Roof Rock | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Impact Tendency of Floor Rock | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Working face length | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
Section coal pillar width | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | |
Bottom coal thickness | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
fault effect | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
Fold structure | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Influence of collapse column | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Influence of river scouring zone | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Influence of tectonic anomaly zone | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
Pressure relief degree of protective layer | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Working face null parameters | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
Coal mining technology of working face | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | |
Impact risk grade | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | |
Number | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | |
Index | ||||||||||||||||||
Mining depth | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
Dynamic damage time | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Elasticity index | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Impact energy index | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
Uniaxial compressive strength | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
Impact Tendency of Roof Rock | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Impact Tendency of Floor Rock | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Working face length | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Section coal pillar width | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
Bottom coal thickness | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
fault effect | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Fold structure | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Influence of collapse column | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Influence of river scouring zone | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Influence of tectonic anomaly zone | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Pressure relief degree of protective layer | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Working face null parameters | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Coal mining technology of working face | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Impact risk grade | 0 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Number | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | |||||||||||
Index | ||||||||||||||||||
Mining depth | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||||
Dynamic damage time | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||
Elasticity index | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||
Impact energy index | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||
Uniaxial compressive strength | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||
Impact Tendency of Roof Rock | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||
Impact Tendency of Floor Rock | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||
Working face length | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||
Section coal pillar width | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||
Bottom coal thickness | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||
fault effect | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | |||||||||||
Fold structure | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||
Influence of collapse column | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||
Influence of river scouring zone | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||
Influence of tectonic anomaly zone | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | |||||||||||
Pressure relief degree of protective layer | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||
Working face null parameters | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||||
Coal mining technology of working face | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||
Impact risk grade | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
Mining Depth | 2 |
Dynamic damage time | 3 |
Elasticity index | 3 |
Impact energy index | 3 |
Uniaxial compressive strength | 3 |
Impact Tendency of Roof Rock | 2 |
Impact Tendency of Floor Rock | 2 |
Working face length | 0 |
Section coal pillar width | 3 |
Bottom coal thickness | 0 |
fault effect | 1 |
Fold structure | 1 |
Influence of collapse column | 0 |
Influence of river scouring zone | 0 |
Influence of tectonic anomaly zone | 0 |
Pressure relief degree of protective layer | 0 |
Working face null parameters | 0 |
Coal mining technology of working face | 1 |
Impact risk grade | 2 |
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Zhang, K.; Zhu, J.; He, M.; Jiang, Y.; Zhu, C.; Li, D.; Kang, L.; Sun, J.; Chen, Z.; Wang, X.; et al. Research on Intelligent Comprehensive Evaluation of Coal Seam Impact Risk Based on BP Neural Network Model. Energies 2022, 15, 3292. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15093292
Zhang K, Zhu J, He M, Jiang Y, Zhu C, Li D, Kang L, Sun J, Chen Z, Wang X, et al. Research on Intelligent Comprehensive Evaluation of Coal Seam Impact Risk Based on BP Neural Network Model. Energies. 2022; 15(9):3292. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15093292
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Kexue, Junao Zhu, Manchao He, Yaodong Jiang, Chun Zhu, Dong Li, Lei Kang, Jiandong Sun, Zhiheng Chen, Xiaoling Wang, and et al. 2022. "Research on Intelligent Comprehensive Evaluation of Coal Seam Impact Risk Based on BP Neural Network Model" Energies 15, no. 9: 3292. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15093292