Flow Control Mechanism of Blade Tip Bionic Grooves and Their Influence on Aerodynamic Performance and Noise of Multi-Blade Centrifugal Fan
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Research Object and Methods
2.1. Computational Domain Model
2.1.1. Governing Equation
2.1.2. Computational Domain
2.1.3. Turbulence Model and Boundary Conditions
2.2. Grid Independence Test
2.3. Validation of Numerical Method
2.3.1. Aerodynamic Performance
2.3.2. Aerodynamic Noise
2.4. Blade Tip Bionic Groove
2.4.1. Basic Parameters
2.4.2. Construction Method
3. Numerical Results and Discussion
3.1. Aerodynamic Performance
3.1.1. External Characteristic
3.1.2. Internal Flow Characteristic
3.2. Noise Characteristics
3.2.1. Noise Characteristics
3.2.2. Noise Reduction Mechanism
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Neise, W. Noise reduction in centrifugal fans: A literature survey. J. Sound Vib. 1976, 45, 375–403. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gad-el-Hak, M. Modern developments in flow control. Appl. Mech. Rev. 1996, 49, 365–379. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yousefi, K.; Saleh, R. Three-dimensional suction flow control and suction jet length optimization of NACA 0012 wing. Meccanica 2015, 50, 1481–1494. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yousefi, K.; Saleh, R. The effects of trailing edge blowing on aerodynamic characteristics of the NACA 0012 airfoil and optimization of the blowing slot geometry. J. Theor. Appl. Mech. 2014, 52, 165–179. [Google Scholar]
- Zhang, Z.Y.; Zhang, W.L.; Chen, Z.; Sun, X.H.; Xia, C.C. Suction control of flow separation of a low-aspect-ratio wing at low Reynolds-number. Fluid Dyn. Res. 2018, 50, 065504. [Google Scholar]
- Singhal, A.; Castañeda, D.; Webb, N.; Samimy, M. Control of Dynamic Stall over a NACA 0015 Airfoil Using Plasma Actuators. AIAA J. 2017, 56, 78–89. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- McAuliffe, B.R.; Yaras, M.I. Passive manipulation of separation-bubble transition using surface modifications. J. Fluids Eng. 2009, 131, 021201. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Seo, S.H.; Hong, C.H. Performance improvement of airfoils for wind blade with the groove. Int. J. Green Energy 2016, 13, 34–39. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Raayai-Ardakani, S.; McKinley, G.H. Drag reduction using wrinkled surfaces in high Reynolds number laminar boundary layer flows. Phys. Fluids 2017, 29, 093605. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Raayai-Ardakani, S.; McKinley, G.H. Geometric optimization of riblet-textured surfaces for drag reduction in laminar boundary layer flows. Phys. Fluids 2019, 31, 053601. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Qiao, W.Y.; Tong, F.; Chen, W.J.; Wang, X.N.; Chen, Z.W. Review on aerodynamic noise reduction with bionic configuration. Acta Aerodyn. Sin. 2018, 36, 98–121. [Google Scholar]
- Zhu, H.; Hao, W.; Li, C.; Ding, Q.; Wu, B. A critical study on passive flow control techniques for straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine. Energy 2018, 165, 12–25. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shukla, V.; Kaviti, A.K. Performance evaluation of profile modifications on straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine by energy and Spalart Allmaras models. Energy 2017, 126, 766–795. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Robarge, T.; Stark, A.; Min, S.K.; Khalatov, A.; Byerley, A. Design considerations for using indented surface treatments to control boundary layer separation. In Proceedings of the 42nd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, NV, USA, 5–8 January 2004; p. 425. [Google Scholar]
- Dai, C.; Ge, Z.P.; Dong, L.; Liu, H.L. Research on characteristics of drag reduction and noise reduction on V-groove surface of bionic blade of centrifugal pump. J. Huazhong Univ. Sci. Technol. (Nat. Sci. Ed.) 2020, 48, 113–118. [Google Scholar]
- Ye, X.M.; Li, P.M.; Li, C.X.; Ding, X.L. Numerical investigation of blade tip grooving effect on performance and dynamics of an axial flow fan. Energy 2015, 82, 556–569. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kharati-Koopaee, M.; Moallemi, H. Effect of blade tip grooving on the performance of an axial fan at different tip clearances in the absence and presence of inlet guide vanes. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. A—J. Power Energy 2020, 234, 72–84. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kodama, K.; Saydur Rahman, M.; Horiguchi, T.; Thomas, P. Assessment of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α mRNA expression in mantis shrimp as a biomarker of environmental hypoxia exposure. Biol. Lett. 2012, 8, 278–281. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Huang, C.; Li, D.J. The performance analysis and optimal design of multi-blade centrifugal fan with fluent. In Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Information Science, Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Sapporo, Japan, 26–28 April 2014. [Google Scholar]
- Yu, L.; Song, W.P.; Yan, L. An effective method for predicting aerodynamic noise for wind turbine flatback airfoils. J. Northwestern Polytech. Univ. 2012, 30, 513–517. [Google Scholar]
- Han, Z.H.; Song, W.P.; Qiao, Z.D. Aeroacoustic calculation for helicopter rotor in hover and in forward flight based on FW-H equation. Acta Aeronaut. Astronaut. Sin. 2003, 24, 400–404. [Google Scholar]
- Son, P.N.; Kim, J.W.; Byun, S.M.; Ahn, E.Y. Effects of inlet radius and bell mouth radius on flow rate and sound quality of centrifugal blower. J. Mech. Sci. Technol. 2012, 26, 1531–1538. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Carmichael, B. Low Reynolds Number Airfoil Survey; no. NASA CR-165803; National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center: Hampton, VA, USA, 1981. [Google Scholar]
- Wu, Y.L.; Chen, Q.G.; Liu, S.H. Fans and Compressors, 2nd ed.; Tsinghua University Press: Beijing, China, 2011; pp. 222–233. [Google Scholar]
- Wang, K.; Ju, Y.P.; Zhang, C.H. Design of multi-blade centrifugal fan based on grouping model and bionic volute tongue. J. Eng. Thermophys. 2017, 38, 1671–1675. [Google Scholar]
- Green, P.A.; Patek, S.N. Contests with deadly weapons: Telson sparring in mantis shrimp (Stomatopoda). Biol. Lett. 2015, 11, 20150558. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Rosario, M.V.; Patek, S.N. Multilevel analysis of elastic morphology: The mantis shrimp’s spring. J. Morphol. 2015, 276, 1123–1135. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Tian, C.Y.; Wu, L.M.; Liu, X.M.; Huang, Y.T.; Ma, L.; Li, J.B. Study on aerodynamic noise reduction of multi-blades centrifugal fan by using blades with grooved inlet end. Chin. J. Turbomach. 2020, 62, 58–64. [Google Scholar]
- Zhang, Y.N.; Liu, K.H.; Xian, H.Z.; Du, X.Z. A review of methods for vortex identification in hydroturbines. Renew. Sust. Energy Rev. 2018, 81, 1269–1285. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Equations or Others | The Solution Algorithm |
---|---|
pressure–velocity coupling equation | Coupled scheme |
the pressure spatial discretization | PRESTO! |
the gradient discretization of diffusion term | Green-Gauss Cell Based |
the convection terms of momentum | Second-order upwind scheme |
the convection terms of turbulent kinetic energy | Second-order upwind scheme |
the convection terms of turbulent dissipation rate | Second-order upwind scheme |
Impeller domain | Rotating domain |
Other domains | Stationary domain |
Inlet boundary condition | Pressure inlet |
Outlet boundary condition | Pressure outlet |
Scheme | N (pcs) | Volume Flow Rate (m³·h−1) | Efficiency (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Original fan | 0 | 676.80 | 61.58 |
N1 | 5 | 660.24 | 59.37 |
N2 | 4 | 660.24 | 59.64 |
N3 | 3 | 667.08 | 60.45 |
Scheme | Volume Flow Rate (m³·h−1) | Noise (dB) |
---|---|---|
Original fan | 521.28 | 48.8 |
RBG | 522.72 | 49.5 |
CBG | 523.08 | 49.1 |
TBG | 523.80 | 48.3 |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Xu, Z.; Liu, X.; Liu, Y.; Qin, W.; Xi, G. Flow Control Mechanism of Blade Tip Bionic Grooves and Their Influence on Aerodynamic Performance and Noise of Multi-Blade Centrifugal Fan. Energies 2022, 15, 3431. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15093431
Xu Z, Liu X, Liu Y, Qin W, Xi G. Flow Control Mechanism of Blade Tip Bionic Grooves and Their Influence on Aerodynamic Performance and Noise of Multi-Blade Centrifugal Fan. Energies. 2022; 15(9):3431. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15093431
Chicago/Turabian StyleXu, Ziqian, Xiaomin Liu, Yang Liu, Wanxiang Qin, and Guang Xi. 2022. "Flow Control Mechanism of Blade Tip Bionic Grooves and Their Influence on Aerodynamic Performance and Noise of Multi-Blade Centrifugal Fan" Energies 15, no. 9: 3431. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15093431