A Common-Ground Bidirectional Hybrid Switched-Capacitor DC–DC Converter with a High Voltage Conversion Ratio
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Hybrid Converter Topology and Theory of Operation
2.1. BHSC Topology
2.2. BHSC Theory of Operation
2.3. Analytical Description
- (a)
- The converter is operating in steady-state, continuous conduction mode (CCM);
- (b)
- All components are ideal;
- (c)
- The capacitances are large enough to achieve negligible voltage ripple; therefore, the voltage across each capacitor is considered constant;
- (d)
- The capacitors that form the switched-capacitor cell are considered identical (C1 = C2 = Csw).
3. Sizing of BHSC Components
3.1. Inductor Sizing
3.2. Capacitor Sizing
4. Comparison with Other Converters
5. Stability Analysis
- (a)
- The power switching devices S1–S5 are ideal switches in series with parasitic resistances rS1 = … = rS5 = rS;
- (b)
- VL and VH have constant values during one switching period T;
- (c)
- L1 and L2 have the parasitic series resistances rL1 and rL2, respectively;
- (d)
- C1 and C2 have equal parasitic series resistances; rC1 = rC2 = rc;
- (e)
- CL and CH have the parasitic series resistances rCL and rCH, respectively.
6. Experimental Results
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Converter (x) | Voltage Ratio VL/VH | Inductor Energy WLTot(x) | Capacitor Energy WCTot(x | Total Device Stress S(x) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. Buck—Boost | ||||
2. BHSC | Conv. (1) | |||
3. [18,25] | Conv. (2) | Conv. (1) | Conv. (2) | |
4. [5,13] * | Conv. (2) | Conv. (1) | Conv. (3) | |
5. [26] | Conv. (2) | Conv. (1) | Conv. (3) | |
6. [27] | Conv. (2) | Conv. (1) | Conv. (4) | |
7. [28] | Conv. (2) | Conv. (3) | ||
8. [29] |
Specifications | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Part | Value | Unit | ESR | ESR Value | Unit | Component |
L1 | 68 × 2 | µH | RL1 | 12 × 2 | mΩ | 2xDEHF-42/0,068/40 |
L2 | 470 | µH | RL2 | 53 | mΩ | DEHF-42/0,47/16 |
Csw | 330 × 3 | µF | RCsw | 214.7/3 | mΩ | ALC80A331CD350 |
CL | 330 × 3 | µF | RCL | 452/3 | mΩ | SLP331M160A1P3 |
CH | 100 × 3 | mF | RCH | 1.493/3 | Ω | SLPX101M400A3P3 |
Element | Pole and Zero Values |
---|---|
H1(s) Poles | −4.509641064e+03, −3.584847675e+03, −5.924218847e+02 +1.802230478e+03i, −5.924218847e+02 −1.802230478e+03i, −9.720039549e+02 |
H1(s) Zeros | −4647.704034, −3603.028284, −569.9738229 +1825.663084i, −569.9738229–1825.663084i |
H2(s) Poles | −4.509641064e+03, −3.584847675e+03, −5.924218847e+02 +1.802230478e+03i, −5.924218847e+02 −1.802230478e+03i, −9.720039549e+02 |
H2(s) Zeros | −4523.253666, −3932.363350, −670.2071775 + 1708.298882i, −670.2071775–1708.298882i |
Specifications | |||
---|---|---|---|
Element | Value | Unit | Description |
P | 3.25 | kW | Nominal converter power |
VL | 0–80 | V | Low voltage value |
VH | 100–325 | V | High voltage value |
IL | 33 | A | Nominal current on the low-voltage input |
IH | 12 | A | Nominal current on the high-voltage input |
f | 80 | kHz | Switching frequency |
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Gireadă, M.; Hulea, D.; Muntean, N.; Cornea, O. A Common-Ground Bidirectional Hybrid Switched-Capacitor DC–DC Converter with a High Voltage Conversion Ratio. Energies 2023, 16, 1337. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16031337
Gireadă M, Hulea D, Muntean N, Cornea O. A Common-Ground Bidirectional Hybrid Switched-Capacitor DC–DC Converter with a High Voltage Conversion Ratio. Energies. 2023; 16(3):1337. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16031337
Chicago/Turabian StyleGireadă, Mihaiță, Dan Hulea, Nicolae Muntean, and Octavian Cornea. 2023. "A Common-Ground Bidirectional Hybrid Switched-Capacitor DC–DC Converter with a High Voltage Conversion Ratio" Energies 16, no. 3: 1337. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16031337