Photovoltaic-Based q-ZSI STATCOM with MDNESOGI Control Scheme for Mitigation of Harmonics
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- The suggested architecture improves upon the existing SOGI approach by connecting two analogous filter loops for prominent harmonic components in parallel with the prime loop.
- The suggested structure necessitates a reduced sampling time requirement, hence facilitating expedited creation of reference currents across diverse operating conditions.
- Power quality challenges including reactive power, load balancing, power factor, and DC link voltage stabilization are addressed using the established technique.
- The suggested architecture is developed, and its performance is evaluated and verified in the laboratory on a real-time platform.
2. Related Works
3. System Description
4. Different Operating Modes of PV-Based qZSI-STATCOM
4.1. Mode: 1
4.2. Mode: 2
4.3. Mode: 3
4.4. Mode: 4
5. Control Scheme of PV-qZSI-STATCOM
5.1. Current Control Scheme
5.2. DC Link Voltage Control
5.3. AC Voltage Control
6. Experimental Results and Discussion
6.1. Case 1: Balanced Voltages with Unbalanced Loads
6.2. Case 2: Unbalanced Voltages with Unbalanced Loads
6.3. Case 3: Distorted Voltages with Unbalanced Loads
7. Performance Comparison of Proposed and Conventional Controllers
8. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Design Approach | Control Technique | Remarks |
---|---|---|
Adaptive law [20] | Adaptive Control | The performance of the controller is contingent upon the state of the system. |
ANN [21] | Soft computing | It takes a lot of time and energy to train an agent and fine-tune the control parameters. |
DDPG [22] | Soft computing | The process of agent training and control parameter tuning necessitates a substantial investment of time and effort. |
ACO and PSO [23] | Soft computing | The procedure of tuning requires additional time. |
GA and BFA [24] | Soft computing | Tuning is a time-consuming procedure. |
BFA [25] | Soft computing | The design of the controller is founded upon the utilization of a linearized model or an equivalent circuit. |
Coordinated control of STATCOM and PV inverter [26] | Coordinated control | The complexity of computations arises from the utilization of SVM for fault classification. |
Synchronverter-based PV system [27] | Synchronverter | Need improvement in dynamic characteristics. |
Modes | Status of the Mode Selector Switches | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
S1 | S2 | S3 | Sbb | |
Mode 1 | ON | ON | ON | ON/OFF |
Mode 2 | ON | ON | ON | ON/OFF |
Mode 3 | ON | ON | ON | OFF |
Mode 4 | OFF | OFF | OFF | ON/OFF |
Parameter | Rating | Symbol |
---|---|---|
Nominal voltage | 400 V, 230 V | VL, Vph |
Frequency of the system | 50 Hz | f |
STATCOM | ||
Filter inductance | 26 mH | Lf |
Resistance | 1.5 Ω | Rf |
Switching frequency | 10 kHz | fs |
IGBT | 600 V, 20 A, reactive power range: 2000 kVAR | |
MOSFET | 60 A, 300 V | |
Gate Driver | LM5112 | |
Voltage-Current Sensor | Maximum sample rate: 1 kHz Voltage Range: ±10 V | |
Battery | ||
Battery capacity | 500 Ah | Ah |
PV Array | ||
Power output of PV array | 400 w | PVw |
PV nominal voltage | 72 V | VPV |
Voltage Doubler | ||
Inductance | 48 µH | Ldb |
Capacitance | 3.151 µF, 1.062 µF, 1000 µF | Cdb, Cdb, Cout |
Switching frequency | 20 kHz | fsD |
THD Results of Experimentation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case Study | Before Compensation THD (%) | After Compensation THD (%) | ||||
Phase-A | Phase-B | Phase-C | Phase-A | Phase-B | Phase-C | |
1 | 24.3 | 24.4 | 24.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
2 | 25.7 | 25.5 | 25.6 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
3 | 25.6 | 25.5 | 25.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
Control Strategy | THD (%) | Proficiency of DC Offset Rejection | Steady-State Error | Compensation Capability | Power Loss | Energy Source/Energy Storage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proportional Resonant (PR) Controller [34] | 4.2 | No | Slow | Short-term | High | Capacitor |
Voltage Oriented Control [35] | 6.20 | Less Rejection | Moderate | Short-term | Moderate | Capacitor |
Direct Power Control [35] | 3.17 | No | Moderate | Short-term | Moderate | Capacitor |
JAYA Algorithm [36] | 3.0 | No | Moderate | Short-term | Moderate | Battery |
Proposed Control Scheme | 1.2 | More rejection | Quick response | Long-term | Low | PV/Battery |
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Nallaiyagounder, K.; Madhaiyan, V.; Murugesan, R.; Aldosari, O. Photovoltaic-Based q-ZSI STATCOM with MDNESOGI Control Scheme for Mitigation of Harmonics. Energies 2024, 17, 534. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17020534
Nallaiyagounder K, Madhaiyan V, Murugesan R, Aldosari O. Photovoltaic-Based q-ZSI STATCOM with MDNESOGI Control Scheme for Mitigation of Harmonics. Energies. 2024; 17(2):534. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17020534
Chicago/Turabian StyleNallaiyagounder, Kanagaraj, Vijayakumar Madhaiyan, Ramasamy Murugesan, and Obaid Aldosari. 2024. "Photovoltaic-Based q-ZSI STATCOM with MDNESOGI Control Scheme for Mitigation of Harmonics" Energies 17, no. 2: 534. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17020534