Laser Microdrilling of Slate Tiles
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Influence of Processing Parameters
3.2. Drilling under Optimum Conditions
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mineral | Content (wt.%) |
---|---|
Silica (Quartz) | 55.9 |
Clinochlore | 19.1 |
Titanium oxide | 2.3 |
Albite (Feldspar) | 10.6 |
Illite (Mica) | 5.1 |
Muscovite (Mica) | 7.0 |
Radial Direction | Axial Direction | |
---|---|---|
Density (kg/m3) | (2.7 ± 0.1) × 103 | |
Heat capacity (kJ/kgK) @ 293–773 K | 0.96 ± 0.04 | |
Thermal conductivity (W/mK) | 5.2 ± 0.80 | 2.00 ± 0.2 |
Thermal diffusivity (mm2/s) | 2.02 ± 0.15 | 0.75 ± 0.01 |
Factor | Level | ||
---|---|---|---|
(S) Stand-off (mm) | 1 | 3 | - |
(P) Average laser power (W) | 400 | 700 | 1000 |
(F) Frequency (Hz) | 100 | 500 | 2000 |
(N) Number of pulses | 80 | 90 | 100 |
(C) Duty cycle (%) | 30 | 50 | 70 |
(FP) Focus position (mm) | 0 | −1 | −2 |
(B) Nozzle diameter (mm) | 0.8 | 2 | 3 |
(G) Air pressure (bar) | 3 | 6 | 10 |
Factor | Level | ||
---|---|---|---|
(F) Frequency (Hz) | 500 | 1750 | 3000 |
(FP) Focus position (mm) | 0 | −1 | −2 |
(C) Duty cycle (%) | 50 | 65 | 80 |
Laser Power (P) | Stand-Off (S) | Frequency (F) | Number of Pulses (N) |
165 W | 3 mm | 2000 Hz | 90 |
Duty Cycle (C) | Focus Position (FP) | Nozzle Diameter (B) | Gas Pressure (G) |
50% | −1 mm | 3 mm | 6 bar |
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Penide, J.; Riveiro, A.; Soto, R.; Boutinguiza, M.; Arias-Gonzalez, F.; del Val, J.; Comesaña, R.; Lusquiños, F.; Quintero, F.; Pou, J. Laser Microdrilling of Slate Tiles. Materials 2019, 12, 398. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12030398
Penide J, Riveiro A, Soto R, Boutinguiza M, Arias-Gonzalez F, del Val J, Comesaña R, Lusquiños F, Quintero F, Pou J. Laser Microdrilling of Slate Tiles. Materials. 2019; 12(3):398. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12030398
Chicago/Turabian StylePenide, Joaquín, Antonio Riveiro, Ramón Soto, Mohamed Boutinguiza, Felipe Arias-Gonzalez, Jesús del Val, Rafael Comesaña, Fernando Lusquiños, Félix Quintero, and Juan Pou. 2019. "Laser Microdrilling of Slate Tiles" Materials 12, no. 3: 398. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12030398