Laccase Immobilized onto Zirconia–Silica Hybrid Doped with Cu2+ as an Effective Biocatalytic System for Decolorization of Dyes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals and Materials
2.2. Synthesis of ZrO2–SiO2 and ZrO2–SiO2/Cu2+ Oxide Systems
2.3. Immobilization of Laccase
2.4. Storage Stability and Kinetic Measurements of Free and Immobilized Laccase
2.5. Decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue R Dye
2.6. Analytical Techniques
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of the Oxide Materials before and after Immobilization of Laccase
3.2. Decolorization of Dye
3.2.1. Decolorization of Dye Using Oxide Materials with Inactivated Enzyme
3.2.2. Effect of Process Duration on Decolorization Efficiency
3.2.3. Effect of pH and Temperature on Decolorization Efficiency
3.2.4. Reusability of the Biocatalytic Systems
3.3. Toxicity Study
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Examined System | Parameter | ||
---|---|---|---|
ABET (m2/g) | Vp (cm3/g) | Sp (nm) | |
ZrO2–SiO2 | 440.2 | 0.369 | 3.4 |
ZrO2–SiO2–laccase | 419.9 | 0.354 | 3.4 |
ZrO2–SiO2/Cu2+ | 498.3 | 0.376 | 3.0 |
ZrO2–SiO2/Cu2+–laccase | 445.7 | 0.344 | 3.0 |
Kinetic Parameters and Immobilization Data | Free Laccase | ZrO2–SiO2–Laccase | ZrO2–SiO2/Cu2+–Laccase |
---|---|---|---|
Km (mM) | 0.049 ± 0.002 | 0.132 ± 0.009 | 0.098 ± 0.008 |
Vmax (U/mg) | 0.041 ± 0.006 | 0.029 ± 0.007 | 0.037 ± 0.009 |
Amount of enzyme (mg/g) | - | 86 ± 3.8 | 94 ± 3.2 |
Immobilization yield (%) | - | 86 ± 3.9 | 94 ± 3.1 |
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Jankowska, K.; Ciesielczyk, F.; Bachosz, K.; Zdarta, J.; Kaczorek, E.; Jesionowski, T. Laccase Immobilized onto Zirconia–Silica Hybrid Doped with Cu2+ as an Effective Biocatalytic System for Decolorization of Dyes. Materials 2019, 12, 1252. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12081252
Jankowska K, Ciesielczyk F, Bachosz K, Zdarta J, Kaczorek E, Jesionowski T. Laccase Immobilized onto Zirconia–Silica Hybrid Doped with Cu2+ as an Effective Biocatalytic System for Decolorization of Dyes. Materials. 2019; 12(8):1252. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12081252
Chicago/Turabian StyleJankowska, Katarzyna, Filip Ciesielczyk, Karolina Bachosz, Jakub Zdarta, Ewa Kaczorek, and Teofil Jesionowski. 2019. "Laccase Immobilized onto Zirconia–Silica Hybrid Doped with Cu2+ as an Effective Biocatalytic System for Decolorization of Dyes" Materials 12, no. 8: 1252. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12081252