Axial Compressive Behavior of Geopolymer Recycled Lump Concrete
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Program
2.1. Materials and Mix
2.2. Specimen Design and Preparation
2.3. Testing Procedures and Instruments
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Failure Pattern
3.2. Compressive Strength
3.2.1. Influencing Factor
3.2.2. Shape Effect
3.2.3. Prediction Formula
3.3. Elastic Modulus
3.4. Poisson’s Ratio
3.5. Volumetric Strain
4. Conclusions
- Geopolymer concrete is well bonded with the old mortar in DCLs and has a certain strengthening effect on DCLs. Under similar conditions, the compressive strength of GRLC specimens is higher than that of ordinary cement recycled lump concrete (CRLC), but the shape effect of GRLC specimens is less significant than the latter.
- After a minor modification, the formula for predicting the cubic compressive strength of CRLC is applicable to predict the compressive strength of GRLC cubic and cylindrical specimens.
- With the replacement ratio of DCLs increasing, the elastic modulus of the GRLC specimens increases but Poisson’s ratio is kept in the 0.16–0.17 range.
- The critical stress ratio, which represents the stress level at which the volume of concrete begins to expand under axial compression, decreases with a decrease in the strength of DCLs or an increase in the replacement ratio of DCLs in GRLC specimens.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Material | SiO2 | Al2O3 | CaO | Fe2O3 | TiO2 | SO3 | MgO | K2O | P2O5 | Others | Loss on Ignition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FA | 51.35 | 44.24 | 0.13 | 0.98 | 0.90 | 0.00 | 0.48 | 0.08 | 0.45 | 0.17 | 0.72 |
MK | 45.3 | 41.2 | 3.77 | 3.18 | 1.62 | 0.75 | 0.44 | 0.38 | 0.36 | 0.33 | 2.40 |
Type of Fresh Concrete | Water (kg/m3) | Cement kg/m3 | Sand (kg/m3) | Coarse Aggregate (kg/m3) | Superplasticizer (kg/m3) | Cubic Compressive Strength (MPa) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OPC | 175 | 547 | 611 | 1242 | 5.47 | 82.5 |
Type of Fresh Concrete | Water (kg/m3) | MK (kg/m3) | FA (kg/m3) | Sand (kg/m3) | Coarse Aggregate (kg/m3) | KOH (kg/m3) | Potassium Silicate (kg/m3) | Cubic Compressive Strength (MPa) | Cylindrical Compressive Strength (MPa) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GC1 | 70 | 177 | 177 | 529 | 1236 | 68 | 244 | 64.8 | 47.7 |
GC2 | 63 | 186 | 186 | 535 | 1249 | 61 | 219 | 74.0 | 59.2 |
Group | Type of Fresh Concrete | Type of Demolished Concrete | η (%) | Specimen Shape | fcu,new,150 (MPa) | fcu,old,150 (MPa) | fc, com,300 (MPa) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Measured | Calculated | |||||||
GC1-U | GC1 | -- | -- | Cube | 64.8 | -- | 61.8 | -- |
GC2-U | GC2 | -- | -- | Cube | 74.0 | -- | 70.6 | -- |
OPC-U | OPC | -- | -- | Cube | 82.5 | -- | 74.4 | -- |
GC1-D2-20-U | GC1 | D2 | 20 | Cube | 64.8 | 51.6 | 60.3 | 58.4 |
GC1-D2-33-U | GC1 | D2 | 33 | Cube | 64.8 | 51.6 | 59.3 | 56.2 |
GC2-D1-20-U | GC2 | D1 | 20 | Cube | 74.0 | 35.7 | 58.9 | 56.5 |
GC2-D1-33-U | GC2 | D1 | 33 | Cube | 74.0 | 35.7 | 53.8 | 51.3 |
GC2-D2-20-U | GC2 | D2 | 20 | Cube | 74.0 | 51.6 | 63.7 | 62.2 |
GC2-D2-33-U | GC2 | D2 | 33 | Cube | 74.0 | 51.6 | 62.9 | 59.1 |
OPC-D2-20-U | OPC | D2 | 20 | Cube | 82.5 | 51.6 | 63.0 | -- |
OPC-D2-33-U | OPC | D2 | 33 | Cube | 82.5 | 51.6 | 61.4 | -- |
GC1-Y | GC1 | -- | -- | Cylinder | 64.8 | -- | 47.7 | -- |
GC2-Y | GC2 | -- | -- | Cylinder | 74.0 | -- | 59.2 | -- |
GC1-D2-20-Y | GC1 | D2 | 20 | Cylinder | 64.8 | 51.6 | 45.1 | 45.4 |
GC1-D2-33-Y | GC1 | D2 | 33 | Cylinder | 64.8 | 51.6 | 45.5 | 44.4 |
GC2-D1-20-Y | GC2 | D1 | 20 | Cylinder | 74.0 | 35.7 | 47.1 | 48.6 |
GC2-D1-33-Y | GC2 | D1 | 33 | Cylinder | 74.0 | 35.7 | 44.6 | 44.2 |
GC2-D2-20-Y | GC2 | D2 | 20 | Cylinder | 74.0 | 51.6 | 51.2 | 53.6 |
GC2-D2-33-Y | GC2 | D2 | 33 | Cylinder | 74.0 | 51.6 | 50.9 | 51.0 |
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Zhang, H.; Liu, J.; Wu, B.; Zhang, Z. Axial Compressive Behavior of Geopolymer Recycled Lump Concrete. Materials 2020, 13, 533. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13030533
Zhang H, Liu J, Wu B, Zhang Z. Axial Compressive Behavior of Geopolymer Recycled Lump Concrete. Materials. 2020; 13(3):533. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13030533
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Haiyan, Jiancheng Liu, Bo Wu, and Zhijian Zhang. 2020. "Axial Compressive Behavior of Geopolymer Recycled Lump Concrete" Materials 13, no. 3: 533. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13030533