Hazardous Waste Management of Buffing Dust Collagen
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.1.1. Rubber and Other Ingredients
2.1.2. Buffing Dust Collagen (BDC)
2.2. Preparation of Composites
3. Research Techniques
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Characterization of BDC Powder
4.2. Characterization of SBR/BDC Composites
4.2.1. Rheometric Properties
4.2.2. Cross-Linking Density
4.2.3. FTIR Analysis
4.2.4. Mechanical and Hardness Tests
4.2.5. SEM Analysis
4.2.6. DSC & TGA analysis
4.2.7. Swelling Balance in Water, Color Research, Soil Test, and Thermo-Oxidative Aging Process
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Symbol | SBR | SBR5 | SBR10 | SBR20 | SBR30 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SBR (phr) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
BDC (phr) | 0 | 5 | 10 | 20 | 30 |
ZnO (phr) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Sulphur (phr) | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
MBTS (phr) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Stearic acid (phr) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Symbol | LL (dNm) | ∆L (dNm) | τ02 (min) | τ90 (min) |
---|---|---|---|---|
SBR | 11.0 ± 0.3 | 39.9 ± 1.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 24.5 ± 1.3 |
SBR5 | 13.9 ± 0.1 | 54.8 ± 1.9 | 2.9 ± 0.1 | 30.0 ± 1.4 |
SBR10 | 12.0 ± 0.2 | 61.6 ± 2.2 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 33.0 ± 1.1 |
SBR20 | 13.0 ± 0.1 | 51.7 ± 1.9 | 2.9 ± 0.2 | 37.0 ± 1.0 |
SBR30 | 14.0 ± 0.1 | 47.5 ± 1.4 | 3.5 ± 0.2 | 38.5 ± 1.2 |
Parameter | SBR | SBR5 | SBR10 | SBR20 | SBR30 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
TS (MPa) | 3.34 ± 0.1 | 3.73 ± 0.2 | 4.78 ± 0.3 | 4.91 ± 0.3 | 3.94 ± 0.2 |
SE300 (%) | 2.15 ± 0.5 | 2.41 ± 0.1 | 2.60 ± 0.2 | 3.07 ± 0.6 | 3.70 ± 0.1 |
Eb (%) | 541 ± 4.2 | 228 ± 6.1 | 254 ± 5.5 | 322 ± 7.8 | 267 ± 4.9 |
H (°Sh) | 44.08 ± 0.9 | 48.22 ± 1.2 | 49.20 ± 1.1 | 50.85 ± 0.8 | 53.88 ± 0.7 |
Symbol | T5% (°C) | T peak (DTG) (°C) | Δm total (%) | Tg (°C) |
---|---|---|---|---|
SBR | 305 | 478.77 | 95.32 | −42.08 |
SBR10 | 299 | 479.64 | 90.34 | −45.45 |
Composite Symbol | SBR | SBR5 | SBR10 | SBR20 | SBR30 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BEFORE BIODEGRADATION | |||||
dL × ab | 3.84 | 0.99 | 0.20 | 0.26 | 0.46 |
AFTER BIODEGRADATION | |||||
dL × ab | 7.35 | 2.63 | 1.34 | 4.52 | 3.18 |
Effects of Aging and Biological on the Properties of SBR Composites | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Composite symbol | SBR | SBR5 | SBR10 | SBR20 | SBR30 |
Aging coefficient ∆T(-) | |||||
Thermal aging | 0.93 ± 0.04 | 1.42 ± 0.02 | 0.84 ± 0.03 | 1.14 ± 0.01 | 0.92 ± 0.03 |
Soil test | 0.94 ± 0.01 | 0.83 ± 0.01 | 0.67 ± 0.02 | 0.56 ± 0.01 | 0.51 ± 0.02 |
Hardness of obtained composites H (°Sh) | |||||
Thermal aging | 45.17 ± 0.12 | 51.95 ± 0.08 | 53.33 ± 0.14 | 54.25 ± 0.23 | 58.15 ± 0.18 |
Soil test | 45.00 ± 0.20 | 46.90 ± 0.13 | 48.07 ± 0.21 | 49.27 ± 0.10 | 53.03 ± 0.09 |
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Prochon, M.; Marzec, A.; Dzeikala, O. Hazardous Waste Management of Buffing Dust Collagen. Materials 2020, 13, 1498. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13071498
Prochon M, Marzec A, Dzeikala O. Hazardous Waste Management of Buffing Dust Collagen. Materials. 2020; 13(7):1498. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13071498
Chicago/Turabian StyleProchon, Miroslawa, Anna Marzec, and Oleksandra Dzeikala. 2020. "Hazardous Waste Management of Buffing Dust Collagen" Materials 13, no. 7: 1498. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13071498