Performance Evaluation of Warm Asphalt Mixtures Containing Chemical Additive and Effect of Incorporating High Reclaimed Asphalt Content
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Plan
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Virgin Aggregates and RA Material
3.2. Virgin Binder and RA Binder
3.3. Mixture Preparation
3.4. Thermal Stress Restrained Specimen Test (TSRST)
3.5. Wheel Tracking Rest
3.6. Moisture Susceptibility Test
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Volumetric Analysis
4.2. Low-Temperature Performance
4.3. Rutting Performance
4.4. Moisture Susceptibility
5. Conclusions
- The addition of chemical additive without changing the temperature enhanced the compactibility of the HMA mixture. A reduction of 15 °C in mixing temperature compared to HMA mixture was achieved for WMA mixtures using chemical additive. The incorporation of RA material reduced the air voids in the WMA mixture.
- The low temperature cracking performance of virgin WMA mixtures was superior to control HMA mixture. However, the addition of RA material degraded the low-temperature cracking resistance of the WMA mixture.
- The virgin WMA mixture showed higher rutting potential compared to the control mixture, due to binder modification and lower binder aging. The incorporation of RA material degraded the rutting resistance of the WMA mixture. The short-term aging of WMA mixtures also affected the rutting resistance compared to unaged mixtures.
- The reduction in mixing temperature using chemical additive and incorporation of RA material did not show any negative effect on moisture characteristics of the mixtures. The indirect tensile strength for WMA mixture containing RA material was much higher than HMA and virgin WMA mixtures, due to the presence of oxidized RA binder.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mixture | RA Content | Mixing Temperature | Conditioning Process |
---|---|---|---|
HMA0-140-UN | 0% | 140 °C | Unaged |
WMA0-140-UN | 0% | 140 °C | Unaged |
WMA0-125-UN | 0% | 125 °C | Unaged |
WMA0-110-UN | 0% | 110 °C | Unaged |
HMA0-140-STA | 0% | 140 °C | Short-term aged @ 135 °C for 4 h |
WMA0-125-STA | 0% | 125 °C | Short-term aged @ 120 °C for 4 h |
WMA60-125-UN | 60% | 125 °C | Short-term aged @ 120 °C for 4 h |
WMA60-125-STA | 60% | 125 °C | Short-term aged @ 120 °C for 4 h |
Mixture | Max Density, kg/m3 | Air Voids, % | VMA, % | VFB, % |
---|---|---|---|---|
HMA0-140-UN | 2487 | 1.7 | 15 | 88.4 |
WMA0-140-UN | 2493 | 1.2 | 14.7 | 91.2 |
WMA0-125-UN | 2501 | 2.6 | 15.8 | 84.1 |
WMA0-110-UN | 2523 | 4.1 | 17.2 | 76.4 |
HMA0-140-STA | 2518 | 1.9 | 15.4 | 87.7 |
WMA0-125-STA | 2496 | 2.7 | 15.2 | 87.5 |
WMA60-125-UN | 2494 | 1.8 | 15.9 | 83 |
WMA60-125-STA | 2507 | 2 | 15.5 | 86.5 |
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Rathore, M.; Haritonovs, V.; Zaumanis, M. Performance Evaluation of Warm Asphalt Mixtures Containing Chemical Additive and Effect of Incorporating High Reclaimed Asphalt Content. Materials 2021, 14, 3793. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14143793
Rathore M, Haritonovs V, Zaumanis M. Performance Evaluation of Warm Asphalt Mixtures Containing Chemical Additive and Effect of Incorporating High Reclaimed Asphalt Content. Materials. 2021; 14(14):3793. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14143793
Chicago/Turabian StyleRathore, Mukul, Viktors Haritonovs, and Martins Zaumanis. 2021. "Performance Evaluation of Warm Asphalt Mixtures Containing Chemical Additive and Effect of Incorporating High Reclaimed Asphalt Content" Materials 14, no. 14: 3793. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14143793