Three-Body Abrasive Wear Behavior of WC-10Cr3C2-12Ni Coating for Ball Mill Liner Application
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Coating Preparation
2.2. Test Method
2.3. Analysis and Testing
3. Results
3.1. Coating Microstructure and Hardness
3.2. Friction Coefficient
3.3. Surface Morphology of Coatings
3.4. Surface Morphology of Counter-Balls
3.5. Wear Loss of Tribo-Pairs
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- The WC–Cr3C2–Ni coating deposited by the HVOF technology contains phases, such as WC, W2C, Cr7C3, Cr3C2, Cr2O3 and Ni. The coating has a dense and uniform tissue and is closely bonded with the substrate. The average nanohardness of the coating is about 16 GPa, nearly five times higher than that of the 20# steel substrate.
- The COF of tribo-pairs decreases and then increases as the particle size increases. Under 12 μm and 36 μm particle conditions, the COF is reduced by about 60% and 44% in comparison with dry friction, respectively, and the corresponding increase in the coating wear loss is more than 30 times. Furthermore, the wear loss trends for the particle size for friction balls and the coatings are similar.
- The particle size has a direct relationship with the coating wear. The surface of the coating appears to wear slightly in the absence of particles, and the wear mechanism is primarily a fatigue wear and minor oxidation wear. Small-sized particles were crushed and adhered to the coating surface, whereafter the extremely fine particles were plasticized to form a large area of tribo-layers by a high stress that reduced the wear and provided protection for the coatings. The protective effect of the abrasive particles fades as the particle size increases, while the chiseling effect intensifies, resulting in a significant tribo-pair loss.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Oxygen Gas, 0.65 MPa | Propane Gas, 0.4 Mpa | N2 Feed Gas, 0.6 Mpa | Torch Distance |
---|---|---|---|
10 m3/h | 1.5 m3/h | 1.0 m3/h | 170 mm |
Load | Sliding Distance | Reciprocating Frequency | Cycles | WC Abrasive Size |
---|---|---|---|---|
50 N | 5 mm | 4 Hz | 25,000 N | 1.5, 4, 12, 36 μm |
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Hu, Q.; Ji, D.; Shen, M.; Zhuang, H.; Yao, H.; Zhao, H.; Guo, H.; Zhang, Y. Three-Body Abrasive Wear Behavior of WC-10Cr3C2-12Ni Coating for Ball Mill Liner Application. Materials 2022, 15, 4569. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15134569
Hu Q, Ji D, Shen M, Zhuang H, Yao H, Zhao H, Guo H, Zhang Y. Three-Body Abrasive Wear Behavior of WC-10Cr3C2-12Ni Coating for Ball Mill Liner Application. Materials. 2022; 15(13):4569. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15134569
Chicago/Turabian StyleHu, Qiang, Dehui Ji, Mingxue Shen, Hui Zhuang, Hailong Yao, Huoping Zhao, Hui Guo, and Youliang Zhang. 2022. "Three-Body Abrasive Wear Behavior of WC-10Cr3C2-12Ni Coating for Ball Mill Liner Application" Materials 15, no. 13: 4569. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15134569