Investigation of the Difference in the Pulse Current in the Double Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding of Aluminum Alloys
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Methods
- , , ;
- The point (, ) and the point (, ) are located in the droplet transfer zone of one droplet per pulse;
- The pulse base current is mainly used to maintain the arc combustion, and the pulse peak current is mainly used to melt the filler wire.
2.2. Experiment Conditions
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. The Analysis of Electrical Signals and Weld Bead Shapes
3.2. Properties of the Metallographic Samples
3.3. Mechanical Properties
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- When the average current, the thermal frequency and welding speed were equal and the point (, ) was located in the zone of one droplet per pulse, the DP-GMAW experiments were carried out for specimens A01–A07 and specimens B01–B07. The electrical signals of DP-GMAW were collected by the wavelet analyzer. By comparing the results of their electrical signals, it was observed that the welding process of specimens A01–A07 was more stable than that of specimens B01–B07.
- (2)
- The weld bead shape is significantly influenced by the basic welding parameters of DP-GMAW. Specimens A01–A07 had different values of and their weld formations were wonderful, showing beautiful fish scale ripples. Specimens B01–B07 had different values of , while their weld formations were much worse with many welding defects, such as spatters, infusions, large drops and discontinuity of the weld.
- (3)
- There were some differential pores in specimens A01–A07. When was 20 A, the weld joint had the most middle pores and big pores among specimens A01–A07. The impact performance of specimen A02 was the worst, at only 28.7% of the base metal. Meanwhile, specimen A02 had the weakest tensile properties among specimens A01–A07: its tensile strength, yield strength and elongation were only 58.1%, 50% and 35.5% of the base metal.
- (4)
- When was 10 A, 20 A, 30 A, 40 A, 50 A, 60 A and 70 A, the weld formation was beautiful and the absorbed energy, the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation of the welded joints were relatively close. The average absorbed work, maximum tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of specimens A01–A07 were 31.1%, 60.2%, 52.9% and 37.9% of the base metal, respectively.
- (5)
- Changing can easily lead to welding instability, which is not suitable for constructing the DP-GMAW expert database of aluminum alloy. Moreover, changing can obtain beautiful weld formations and excellent joint performances, which are suitable for constructing the DP-GMAW expert database of aluminum alloys.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Materials /Elements | Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Ti | Mg | Al |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AA6061-T6 | 0.52 | 0.25 | 0.01 | 0.96 | 0.01 | 1.0 | Bal. |
ER4043 | 6.0 | <0.60 | <0.30 | <0.15 | <0.15 | <0.20 | Bal. |
No. | I (A) | Ips (A)/tps (ms) | Ibs (A)/tbs (ms) | N1 | Ipw (A)/tpw (ms) | Ibw (A)/tbw (ms) | N2 | ΔIb/A | ΔIp/A |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A01 | 100 | 288/2.6 | 53/9.4 | 8 | 288/2.6 | 43/9.4 | 8 | 10 | 0 |
A02 | 100 | 288/2.6 | 58/9.4 | 8 | 288/2.6 | 38/9.4 | 8 | 20 | 0 |
A03 | 100 | 288/2.6 | 63/9.4 | 8 | 288/2.6 | 33/9.4 | 8 | 30 | 0 |
A04 | 100 | 288/2.6 | 68/9.4 | 8 | 288/2.6 | 28/9.4 | 8 | 40 | 0 |
A05 | 100 | 288/2.6 | 73/9.4 | 8 | 288/2.6 | 23/9.4 | 8 | 50 | 0 |
A06 | 100 | 288/2.6 | 78/9.4 | 8 | 288/2.6 | 18/9.4 | 8 | 60 | 0 |
A07 | 100 | 288/2.6 | 83/9.4 | 8 | 288/2.6 | 13/9.4 | 8 | 70 | 0 |
B01 | 100 | 305/2.6 | 44.6/9.4 | 8 | 295/2.6 | 44.6/9.4 | 8 | 0 | 10 |
B02 | 100 | 310/2.6 | 44.6/9.4 | 8 | 290/2.6 | 44.6/9.4 | 8 | 0 | 20 |
B03 | 100 | 315/2.6 | 44.6/9.4 | 8 | 285/2.6 | 44.6/9.4 | 8 | 0 | 30 |
B04 | 100 | 320/2.6 | 44.6/9.4 | 8 | 280/2.6 | 44.6/9.4 | 8 | 0 | 40 |
B05 | 100 | 325/2.6 | 44.6/9.4 | 8 | 275/2.6 | 44.6/9.4 | 8 | 0 | 50 |
B06 | 100 | 330/2.6 | 44.6/9.4 | 8 | 270/2.6 | 44.6/9.4 | 8 | 0 | 60 |
B07 | 100 | 335/2.6 | 44.6/9.4 | 8 | 265/2.6 | 44.6/9.4 | 8 | 0 | 70 |
No. | Weld Appearance | No. | Weld Appearance |
---|---|---|---|
A01 | | B01 | |
A02 | | B02 | |
A03 | | B03 | |
A04 | | B04 | |
A05 | | B05 | |
A06 | | B06 | |
A07 | | B07 | |
No. | The Pore Distribution in the Weld Bead Center |
---|---|
A01 | |
A02 | |
A03 | |
A04 | |
A05 | |
A06 | |
A07 | |
No. | Absorded Energy, Akv (J) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | Average Value | Standard Deviation | |
BM | 7.25 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.08 | 0.12 |
A01 | 2.18 | 2.25 | 2.20 | 2.21 | 0.03 |
A02 | 2.06 | 1.97 | 2.05 | 2.03 | 0.04 |
A03 | 2.23 | 2.29 | 2.21 | 2.24 | 0.03 |
A04 | 2.42 | 2.03 | 2.25 | 2.23 | 0.16 |
A05 | 2.13 | 2.29 | 2.23 | 2.22 | 0.07 |
A06 | 2.16 | 2.32 | 2.30 | 2.26 | 0.07 |
A07 | 2.45 | 2.00 | 2.22 | 2.22 | 0.18 |
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Jin, L.; Yang, Y.; Yao, P.; Chen, W.; Qian, Z.; Xue, J. Investigation of the Difference in the Pulse Current in the Double Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding of Aluminum Alloys. Materials 2022, 15, 2513. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15072513
Jin L, Yang Y, Yao P, Chen W, Qian Z, Xue J. Investigation of the Difference in the Pulse Current in the Double Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding of Aluminum Alloys. Materials. 2022; 15(7):2513. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15072513
Chicago/Turabian StyleJin, Li, Yuqing Yang, Ping Yao, Wenshi Chen, Zhiqiu Qian, and Jiaxiang Xue. 2022. "Investigation of the Difference in the Pulse Current in the Double Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding of Aluminum Alloys" Materials 15, no. 7: 2513. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15072513