Effects of Corrosion Products Deposited on 304 Stainless Steel on Reduction of Se (IV/VI) in Simulated Groundwater
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Materials
2.2. Simulated Groundwater Solution
2.3. Immersion Solutions
2.4. Electrochemical Measurements
2.5. Immersion Test
2.6. Surface Characterization
3. Result and Discussion
3.1. Potentiodynamic Polarization Curves
3.2. Characterization of Corrosion Products and the Passivation Film
3.3. Analysis of the Dissolution Rate of Se after the Immersion Test
3.4. Characterization of Corrosion Products after the Immersion Test
3.5. Summary
3.5.1. Corrosion Behavior of 304 Stainless Steel in SG
3.5.2. Effects of Corrosion Products on the Dissolution of Se
4. Conclusions
- Polarization measurements were executed on 304 stainless-steel samples in SG solutions containing CaCl2, Na2CO3, and Na2SiO3. Corrosion products containing Fe(II) compounds, such as FeO and Fe3O4, were generated on the surface of steel samples.
- The reduction rate of soluble Se was different when the samples were treated by polarization measurements in different solutions. When the samples were treated in the SG solution containing CaCl2, the reduction rates of Se(IV) and Se(VI) were about 40% and 45%, respectively. When the samples were treated in the SG solution containing Na2CO3, the reduction rates of Se(IV) and Se(VI) were about 60% and 65%, respectively. When the samples were treated in the SG solution containing Na2SiO3, the reduction rates of Se(IV) and Se(VI) were about 50% and 50%, respectively.
- In Se-containing solutions, Fe(II) compounds in corrosion products reduced soluble Se(VI) to soluble Se(IV), and Fe(II) compounds reacted with soluble Se(IV) through a redox reaction.
- A large number of corrosion products were generated on the surface of 304 stainless-steel samples treated by polarization measurements. A large amount of FeSe2 was produced on the surface of 304 stainless-steel samples by the 4 week immersion test, and the reduction rate of soluble Se was high.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Composition (wt.%) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C | S | P | Si | Sn | Mn | Ni | Cr | Fe | |
304 stainless steel | 0.08 | 0.003 | 0.04 | - | 0.8 | 1.8 | 9 | 19 | balance |
Solution | Chemicals Concentration (mM) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NaCl | NaHCO3 | CaCl2 | Na2CO3 | Na2SiO3 | |
SG | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SG + CaCl2 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
10 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
10 | 2 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
10 | 2 | 20 | 0 | 0 | |
SG + Na2CO3 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
10 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 0 | |
10 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
10 | 2 | 0 | 20 | 0 | |
SG + Na2SiO3 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | |
10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 10 | |
10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 20 |
Chemicals Concentration | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
NaCl | NaHCO3 | Na2SeO3 | Na2SeO4 | |
SG + Na2SeO3 | 10 mM | 2 mM | 30 mg/L | 0 |
10 mM | 2 mM | 100 mg/L | 0 | |
SG + Na2SeO4 | 10 mM | 2 mM | 0 | 30 mg/L |
10 mM | 2 mM | 0 | 100 mg/L |
40 °C | mM | 0 | 1 | 5 | 10 | 20 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
i/Epp | |||||||
CaCl2 | i/A·cm−2 | 1.72 × 10−6 | 2.67 × 10−6 | 1.91 × 10−6 | 1.36 × 10−6 | 1.66 × 10−6 | |
Epp/V | 0.545 | 0.498 | 0.524 | 0.400 | 0.487 | ||
Na2CO3 | i/A·cm−2 | 1.72 × 10−6 | 3.03 × 10−6 | 2.74 × 10−6 | 2.37 × 10−6 | 2.46 × 10−6 | |
Epp/V | 0.545 | 0.528 | 0.645 | 0.703 | 0.969 | ||
Na2SiO3 | i/A·cm−2 | 1.72 × 10−6 | 1.98 × 10−6 | 2.11 × 10−6 | 2.67 × 10−6 | 2.77 × 10−6 | |
Epp/V | 0.545 | 0.572 | 0.988 | 0.981 | 0.908 |
Reduction Rate (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|
SG + 20 mM CaCl2 | SG + 20 mM Na2CO3 | SG + 20 mM Na2SiO3 | |
SG + 30mg/L Na2SeO3 | 39.48 | 48.32 | 67.36 |
SG + 100mg/L Na2SeO3 | 37.98 | 72.46 | 41.86 |
SG + 30mg/L Na2SeO4 | 46.28 | 70.76 | 53.08 |
SG + 100mg/L Na2SeO4 | 47.98 | 60.22 | 50.02 |
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Huang, G.; Li, T.; Zhang, X.; Wang, L.; Cui, D.; Yang, M. Effects of Corrosion Products Deposited on 304 Stainless Steel on Reduction of Se (IV/VI) in Simulated Groundwater. Materials 2022, 15, 2705. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15082705
Huang G, Li T, Zhang X, Wang L, Cui D, Yang M. Effects of Corrosion Products Deposited on 304 Stainless Steel on Reduction of Se (IV/VI) in Simulated Groundwater. Materials. 2022; 15(8):2705. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15082705
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Guokai, Teng Li, Xian Zhang, Lingyu Wang, Daqing Cui, and Miao Yang. 2022. "Effects of Corrosion Products Deposited on 304 Stainless Steel on Reduction of Se (IV/VI) in Simulated Groundwater" Materials 15, no. 8: 2705. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15082705