Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Joints from Coarse- and Ultrafine-Grained Al-Mg-Si Alloy Obtained via Friction Stir Welding
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample Preparation
2.2. Microstructure Characterization
2.3. Mechanical Properties
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Microstructure Evolution
3.2. Mechanical Properties
4. Conclusions
- After one pass of I-ECAP, the grain size reduction was obtained from 23 µm to 1.5 µm, while the fraction of HAGB decreased from 95% to 30%. This resulted in a considerable increase in the mechanical strength and microhardness;
- FSW led to changes in the microstructure. In the SZ of both welds, due to dynamic recrystallization, a similar microstructure in terms of grains was obtained with an average size of ~5 µm and a fraction of HAGB of ~75%;
- For both welds in the SZ, a decrease in microhardness was observed compared to the BM. However, a homogeneous drop was observed for the weld from UFG Al-Mg-Si with an average value of 65 HV0.1, while for the weld of CG Al-Mg-Si, an average value of 76 HV0.1 was obtained. Moreover, in the latter weld, a heterogeneous microhardness distribution was obtained;
- The results of the mechanical strength of welds revealed a drop compared to the BM. The rupture occurred in the SZ for the UFG weld and in the TMAZ/SZ for the CG weld.
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Element | Al | Mg | Si | Cu | Fe | Zn | Mn | Cr |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Content [wt.%] | balance | 0.60–1.20 | 0.70–1.30 | Max. 0.10 | Max. 0.50 | Max. 0.20 | 0.40–1.00 | Max. 0.25 |
Weld Zone | d [µm] | HAGB [%] |
---|---|---|
CG BM | 23.1 ± 14.8 | 95.1 |
CG SZ | 4.7 ± 2.1 | 76.7 |
UFG BM | 1.5 ± 1.0 | 30.5 |
UFG SZ | 5.2 ± 2.6 | 74.6 |
Sample | YS [MPa] | UTS [MPa] | Eb [%] |
---|---|---|---|
AA6082 CG BM | 291 ± 1 | 320 ± 1 | 13 ± 1 |
AA6082 UFG BM | 387 ± 3 | 394 ± 5 | 6 ± 1 |
AA6082 CG weld | 184 ± 3 | 269 ± 2 | 12 ± 1 |
AA6082 UFG weld | 153 ± 4 | 220 ± 2 | 9 ± 1 |
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Lipińska, M. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Joints from Coarse- and Ultrafine-Grained Al-Mg-Si Alloy Obtained via Friction Stir Welding. Materials 2023, 16, 6287. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186287
Lipińska M. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Joints from Coarse- and Ultrafine-Grained Al-Mg-Si Alloy Obtained via Friction Stir Welding. Materials. 2023; 16(18):6287. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186287
Chicago/Turabian StyleLipińska, Marta. 2023. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Joints from Coarse- and Ultrafine-Grained Al-Mg-Si Alloy Obtained via Friction Stir Welding" Materials 16, no. 18: 6287. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186287