Comparison of the Micro-Shear Bond Strength of Resin Cements to CAD/CAM Glass Ceramics with Various Surface Treatments
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- Better bond strengths can be obtained with HF acid etching than with sandblasting and silica coating.
- The application of silane alone may be considered insufficient to achieve adequate bond strength.
- Self-adhesive or conventional resin cements can be used effectively in the cementation of glass-ceramic-based CAD/CAM restorations, and they are not superior to each other in terms of micro-shear bond strength values.
- Prior to the resin cementation of feldspathic, lithium disilicate, and zirconia-reinforced CAD/CAM ceramic materials, HF acid etching can be recommended for surface pretreatment.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Material and Type | Code | Composition | Manufacturer |
---|---|---|---|
Vitablocs Mark II; feldspathic ceramic | VM | SiO2 56–64%, AI2O3 20–23%, Na2O 6–9%, K2O 6–8%, CaO 0.3–0.6%, TiO2 0.0–0.1% | Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany |
IPS e.max CAD; lithium disilicate glass ceramic | EC | SiO2 58–80%, Li2O 11–19%, K2O 0–13%, ZrO2 0–8%, Al203 0–5% | Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein |
Vita Suprinity; zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass ceramic | VS | SiO2 56–64%, ZrO2 8–12%, Li2O 15–21%, Al203 1–4%, K2O 1–4%, La2O3 0.1% | Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany |
Variolink N; conventional resin cement | V | Bis-GMA, urethane dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, Ba-Al-fluorosilicate glass, barium glass, ytterbium trifluoride, spheroid mixed oxide, initiators, stabilizers, pigments | Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein |
Monobond N; silane coupling agent | Alcohol solution of silane methacrylate, phosphoric acid methacrylate, and sulfide methacrylate | Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein | |
BisCem; self-adhesive, resin cement | B | Base: BisGMA, nonpolymerized dimethacrylate monomer, glass filler$Catalyst: Bis[2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl] Phosphate, 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate, Bis(Glyceryl 1,3 Dimethacrylate) Phosphate, Dibenzoyl Peroxide | Bisco, Schaumburg, IL, USA |
Porcelain Primer; silane coupling agent | Acetone, Ethanol, 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl-2-Methyl-2-Propenoic Acid | Bisco, Schaumburg, IL, USA | |
IPS Ceramic Etching Gel | HF | 5% hydrofluoric acid | Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein |
Korox 50 | SB | 50 mm Al2O3 particles | Bego GmbH, Bremen, Germany |
CoJet Sand | CJ | 30 mm silica-coated Al2O3 particles | 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany |
df | MS | F | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Material | 2 | 345.527 | 27.723 | <0.001 |
Surface treatment | 3 | 604.418 | 48.495 | <0.001 |
Cement | 1 | 17.029 | 1.366 | 0.244 |
Material × Surface treatment | 6 | 21.381 | 1.715 | 0.119 |
Material × Cement | 2 | 16.493 | 1.323 | 0.269 |
Surface treatment × Cement | 3 | 7.092 | 0.569 | 0.636 |
Material x Surface treatment × Cement | 6 | 3.925 | 0.315 | 0.929 |
n | C | CJ | HF | SB | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
VM | 20 | 0.2772 ± 0.008 a | 1.043 ± 0.175 bc | 0.7161 ± 0.1225 c | 1.3716 ± 0.01 b |
EC | 20 | 0.283 ± 0.062 a | 1.1674 ± 0.104 b | 0.82526 ± 0.2446 b | 1.1705 ± 0.3525 b |
VS | 20 | 0.3001 ± 0.1 a | 1.2509 ± 0.03 b | 0.8048 ± 0.5215 c | 1.3255 ± 0.425 b |
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Sağlam, G.; Cengiz, S.; Köroğlu, A.; Şahin, O.; Velioğlu, N. Comparison of the Micro-Shear Bond Strength of Resin Cements to CAD/CAM Glass Ceramics with Various Surface Treatments. Materials 2023, 16, 2635. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072635
Sağlam G, Cengiz S, Köroğlu A, Şahin O, Velioğlu N. Comparison of the Micro-Shear Bond Strength of Resin Cements to CAD/CAM Glass Ceramics with Various Surface Treatments. Materials. 2023; 16(7):2635. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072635
Chicago/Turabian StyleSağlam, Gaye, Seda Cengiz, Ayşegül Köroğlu, Onur Şahin, and Neslin Velioğlu. 2023. "Comparison of the Micro-Shear Bond Strength of Resin Cements to CAD/CAM Glass Ceramics with Various Surface Treatments" Materials 16, no. 7: 2635. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072635