Investigation of Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of Tellurite-Based Glasses Doped with Rare-Earth Oxides for Infrared Solid-State Lasers

Boussetta, Ahlem; Al-Syadi, Aref M.; Damak, Kamel; Ersundu, Ali Erçin; Çelikbilek Ersundu, Miray; Ramadan, Essam; Alshehri, Ali M.; Hussein, Khalid I.; Maalej, Ramzi; Yousef, El Sayed

doi:10.3390/ma17153717

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Investigation of Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of Tellurite-Based Glasses Doped with Rare-Earth Oxides for Infrared Solid-State Lasers

by

Ahlem Boussetta

¹,

Aref M. Al-Syadi

^2,3

,

Kamel Damak

⁴

,

Ali Erçin Ersundu

⁵

,

Miray Çelikbilek Ersundu

⁵,

Essam Ramadan

⁶

,

Ali M. Alshehri

⁷,

Khalid I. Hussein

^8,*,

Ramzi Maalej

⁴

and

El Sayed Yousef

⁷

¹

Laboratory of Systems Integration and Emerging Energies, National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia

²

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia

³

Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia

⁴

LaMaCoP, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia

⁵

Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus KMA-205, Esenler, Istanbul 34220, Turkey

⁶

Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, Assuit Assiut 71542, Egypt

⁷

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia

⁸

Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Materials 2024, 17(15), 3717; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17153717 (registering DOI)

Submission received: 2 July 2024 / Revised: 19 July 2024 / Accepted: 24 July 2024 / Published: 27 July 2024

(This article belongs to the Section Advanced and Functional Ceramics and Glasses)

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Abstract

The thermal and optical properties of 60TeO₂-20K₂TeO₃-10WO₃-10Nb₂O₅ (in mol%) glasses doped with Ho₂O₃, Er₂O₃, and Tm₂O₃ were explored in the present work. The thermal stability, refractive index n, extinction coefficient k, absorption coefficient α, and optical band gap of the glasses were evaluated. The UV–Vis–NIR absorption spectra, the Judd–Ofelt intensity parameter, the spectroscopic quality factor, and the emission and absorption cross-sections were calculated to investigate the effects of Er³⁺ and Tm³⁺, respectively, on the band spectroscopic properties of Ho³⁺ ions. The results showed that the maximum emission cross-section was approximately

8 \times 10^{- 21} {c m}^{2}

, and the values of the full width at half maximum (

F W H M)

, quality factor (

σ_{e} \times F W H M)

, and gain coefficient of Ho³⁺: ⁵I₇

\to

⁵I₈ were also reported. The value of the

F W H M \times σ_{e}

was

1200 \times 10^{- 28} {c m}^{3}

, which showed greater gain characteristics than earlier study results. For

2 μ m

mid-infrared solid-state lasers, the glasses that were examined might be a good host material.

Keywords: co-doped tellurite glasses; rare earth; DSC; thermal properties; refractive index; Judd–Ofelt analysis; gain quality

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MDPI and ACS Style

Boussetta, A.; Al-Syadi, A.M.; Damak, K.; Ersundu, A.E.; Çelikbilek Ersundu, M.; Ramadan, E.; Alshehri, A.M.; Hussein, K.I.; Maalej, R.; Yousef, E.S. Investigation of Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of Tellurite-Based Glasses Doped with Rare-Earth Oxides for Infrared Solid-State Lasers. Materials 2024, 17, 3717. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17153717

AMA Style

Boussetta A, Al-Syadi AM, Damak K, Ersundu AE, Çelikbilek Ersundu M, Ramadan E, Alshehri AM, Hussein KI, Maalej R, Yousef ES. Investigation of Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of Tellurite-Based Glasses Doped with Rare-Earth Oxides for Infrared Solid-State Lasers. Materials. 2024; 17(15):3717. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17153717

Chicago/Turabian Style

Boussetta, Ahlem, Aref M. Al-Syadi, Kamel Damak, Ali Erçin Ersundu, Miray Çelikbilek Ersundu, Essam Ramadan, Ali M. Alshehri, Khalid I. Hussein, Ramzi Maalej, and El Sayed Yousef. 2024. "Investigation of Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of Tellurite-Based Glasses Doped with Rare-Earth Oxides for Infrared Solid-State Lasers" Materials 17, no. 15: 3717. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17153717

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Investigation of Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of Tellurite-Based Glasses Doped with Rare-Earth Oxides for Infrared Solid-State Lasers

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