Influence of Mineral Additives on Strength Properties of Standard Mortar
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Research Methods
3. Results
3.1. Analysis of Grain Size of Mineral Additives
3.2. Marking the Consistency of Standard Mortar
3.3. Designation of Flexural Strength
3.4. Designation of Compressive Strength
3.5. Dependence of Compressive Strength on Mineral Additive Parameters
3.6. Dependence of Flexural Strength on Mineral Additive Parameters
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- Five types of additives: compacted microsilica, MIKROSILL+ microsilica, limestone flour, glass granulate, and fly ash, increased compressive strength after 7 and 28 days of maturation.
- The highest increase in compressive strength was obtained for Microsilica 42% and Microsilica MIKROSILL+ 37%.
- An increase in the flexural strength of the standard mortar was obtained for the additive MIKROSILL+ microsilica; for the remaining additives, the results obtained were comparable to or lower than the reference mortar.
- The highest increase in flexural strength was obtained for Microsilica 9.9% and Microsilica MIKROSILL+ 7.5%.
- The use of mineral additives in the form of compacted microsilica or MIKROSILL+ microsilica significantly increases the compressive and flexural strength and can therefore be used for the rapid reconstruction of military infrastructure.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Property | Unit | Value |
---|---|---|
Specific surface area | cm2/g | 4124 |
Start of setting time | min | 184 |
End of setting time | min | 242 |
Change in volume | mm | 1.0 |
Compressive strength | ||
After 2 days | MPa | 30.1 |
After 28 days | MPa | 60.2 |
Contents SO3 | % | 2.95 |
Contents Cl | % | 0.089 |
Insoluble residue | % | 0.57 |
Loss of ignition | % | 3.33 |
Component | Unit | MZ | MK+ | MW | MS | PB | GS | PL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SiO2 | % | >80.0 | >85.0 | 3.5 | >65.0 | 38.2 | >65.0 | 57.0 |
CaO | % | <3.5 | <1.0 | >8.0 | 15.2 | >8.0 | 10.0 | |
CaCO3 | % | 93.0 | ||||||
FeO3 | % | 0.3 | <0.2 | 15.9 | <0.2 | 16.0 | ||
MgO | % | 0.7 | <0.4 | 7.7 | <0.4 | |||
SO3 | % | <4.0 | <2.0 | 0.2 | ||||
Na2O | % | <8.0 | <0.5 | >14.0 | 2.9 | >14.0 | ||
Al2O3 | % | 2.0 | 12.7 | 2.0 | 28.0 | |||
Cl− | % | <1.8 | <0.3 | 0.07 |
Mineral Supplement | Contents of the Supplement 10% | Contents of the Supplement 20% |
---|---|---|
Compacted microsilica | MZ1 | MZ2 |
Microsilica Mikrosill+ | MK+1 | MK+2 |
Limestone flour | MW1 | MW2 |
Glass flour | MS1 | MS2 |
Basalt dust | PB1 | PB2 |
Glass granulate | GS1 | GS2 |
Fly ash | PL1 | PL2 |
Addition | Indicator D50 [μm] | Indicator D90 [μm] | Specific Surface Area [cm2/g] |
---|---|---|---|
MZ | 0.31 | 6.12 | 75,224 |
MK+ | 0.26 | 0.39 | 98,677 |
MW | 8.13 | 61.11 | 4980 |
MS | 28.64 | 62.82 | 1383 |
PB | 17.75 | 80.33 | 4277 |
GS | 334.61 | 521.54 | 131 |
PL | 10.63 | 24.16 | 3610 |
CEM I | 16.32 | 56.91 | 4192 |
Mineral Supplement | Flexural Strength after 7 Days/Standard Deviation [MPa] | Flexural Strength after 28 Days/Standard Deviation [MPa] | Flexural Strength after 56 Days/Standard Deviation [MPa] |
---|---|---|---|
P0 | 7.97/0.15 | 9.02/0.38 | 9.38/0.18 |
MZ1 | 7.27/0.29 | 9.14/0.10 | 10.31/0.43 |
MZ2 | 6.56/0.15 | 9.84/0.10 | 9.14/0.31 |
MK+1 | 7.62/0.20 | 10.2/0.33 | 10.08/0.16 |
MK+2 | 6.80/0.44 | 9.38/0.12 | 9.38/0.14 |
MW1 | 5.27/0.59 | 7.27/0.84 | 8.44/0.49 |
MW2 | 6.68/0.69 | 7.73/0.43 | 8.44/0.30 |
MS1 | 5.39/0.40 | 7.62/0.73 | 9.61/0.25 |
MS2 | 5.86/0.19 | 8.32/0.62 | 9.38/0.12 |
PB1 | 6.09/0.48 | 8.67/0.56 | 8.44/0.23 |
PB2 | 5.04/0.19 | 7.27/0.41 | 9.14/0.40 |
GS1 | 6.09/0.23 | 8.20/0.36 | 9.14/0.49 |
GS2 | 5.16/0.42 | 6.56/0.59 | 7.97/0.29 |
PL1 | 7.27/0.16 | 9.38/0.30 | 10.31/0.56 |
PL2 | 5.63/0.24 | 8.91/0.57 | 9.61/0.05 |
Analyzed Dependency | Flexural Strength after 7 Days [MPa] | Flexural Strength after 28 Days [MPa] | Flexural Strength after 56 Days [MPa] |
---|---|---|---|
Indicator D50 | 0.1716 | 0.2707 | 0.0008 |
Indicator D90 | 0.2547 | 0.5958 | 0.1573 |
Specific surface area | 0.1636 | 0.3976 | 0.0747 |
Contents SiO2 | 0.0006 | 0.1236 | 0.0536 |
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Rogojsz, G.; Rudnicki, T. Influence of Mineral Additives on Strength Properties of Standard Mortar. Materials 2024, 17, 4158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17164158
Rogojsz G, Rudnicki T. Influence of Mineral Additives on Strength Properties of Standard Mortar. Materials. 2024; 17(16):4158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17164158
Chicago/Turabian StyleRogojsz, Grzegorz, and Tomasz Rudnicki. 2024. "Influence of Mineral Additives on Strength Properties of Standard Mortar" Materials 17, no. 16: 4158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17164158