A Comparative Study on Impact Resistance of Cylindrical Structures with Cushioning Energy Absorbing Rings under Double Impact Loading
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Problem Description
2.1. Geometry Description
2.2. Buffer Ring Structure Design
3. Finite Element Modeling
3.1. Modeling of Geometric Models and Boundary Conditions
3.2. Material Model and Verification
3.2.1. Material Model of Panel and Buffer Ring
3.2.2. Material Model of Aluminum Foam
3.3. Double Impact Load Modeling
3.3.1. Blast Load Modeling
3.3.2. Kinetic Impact Load Modeling
3.4. Finite Element Model Verification
3.4.1. Honeycomb Core Laminate Structure Verification
3.4.2. Verification of Aluminum Foam Core Structure
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Comparison of Deformation Modes
4.2. Influence of Curvature Radius on Impact Resistance
- With the increase in the curvature radius, the total energy of the panel suction can be increased, the proportion of the panel suction energy is increased in the total energy, and the foam core layer is especially obvious, which can also be explained that the specimen with the foam core layer has the maximum deformation, and the increase in the curvature radius is more obvious.
- In the case of the explosion load, the three types of buffer ring structure suction can be less affected by the radius of curvature, and the addition of plastic deformation is less, which is proved to be the deformation of the whole elastic deformation of the buffer ring structure, not the absorption properties.
- In the same way, the absorption can increase with the curvature radius, and the buffer ring with the aux core layer increases with the radius of the curvature, and the absorption of the curvature of the core decreases, and in the case of small kinetic energy loading, it is especially obvious in the condition of small kinetic energy loading, which indicates that the negative poisson structure has a better energy absorption effect under the condition of high strain rate and high energy density loading.
4.3. Influence of Panel Thickness
- Under the action of explosion load, the energy absorption of each part decreases with the increase in the thickness of the panel. This is because when the total thickness is unchanged, the thickness of the panel increases, the thickness of the buffer ring decreases, and the energy absorption of the buffer ring structure decreases. At the same time, the energy dissipation of the panel increases, the plastic deformation of the panel decreases, and the deformation difference between the center point and the maximum displacement point decreases.
- Under the action of kinetic impact load, with the increase in the thickness of the panel, the panel energy absorption of each specimen increases, while the thickness of the buffer ring decreases, and the buffer ring energy absorption decreases. This law is the same for the specimens of the three structures.
- Under the action of kinetic impact load, the energy absorption of all parts of the structure increases with the increase in kinetic impact load. Among them, the energy absorption of the buffer ring structure of the specimen with AUX core layer structure increases significantly, and the increased amplitude increases significantly with the decrease in the thickness of the panel and even the energy absorption of the buffer ring exceeds that of the panel. This once again proves that the AUX core layer with negative Poisson’s ratio effect can perform better energy absorption under high energy density conditions.
5. Study on Impact Resistance of Composite Buffer Ring Structure
- Under the explosion load, the sample suction of the foam core layer can be much higher than the other core, the core layer is more consistent, and the upper and lower levels have almost the same amount of suction energy.
- The absorbability of the composite buffer ring is higher than the suction performance of the panel, and the latter is three and a half times. This is clearly different from the single-core layer buffer ring.
- When the upper core layer of the specimen is AUX cell structure, the energy absorption characteristics of the buffer ring are positively correlated with the structural strength of the cell structure of the lower core layer, which also explains why the combination of AUX core layer on the upper layer and HEX core layer on the lower layer has the smallest deformation.
6. Conclusions
- The cylindrical structure with a buffer ring is created, three kinds of buffer ring core layer cells are designed, and the simulation model is established. The rationality of the simulation model is verified based on the test data, and the dynamic response of the three core layer structures under the action of double impact loads is simulated and analyzed.
- For the loading of a single explosion load, the buffer ring structure with a negative Poisson ratio can make more core structures collapse and absorb energy with its negative Poisson ratio effect so that it has better impact resistance and minimum panel deformation. Under the action of double impact loads, the overall impact resistance of the honeycomb core layer is better than that of other core layers, showing better kinetic energy impact resistance.
- The presence of different curvations changes the reflection characteristics of the structure to the explosion shock wave. With the increase in the curvature radius, the reflection Angle of the shock wave in the panel increases, thus increasing the incoming amount of explosion impulse, resulting in the decline of the impact resistance of the structure, and the impact resistance of the core layer will increase this influence.
- With the increase in the thickness of the panel, the gap between the impact resistance of each buffer ring will be narrowed, and the energy absorption ratio of the panel itself will increase, but the quality of the overall protection structure will increase significantly.
- In the study of composite structure, the upper layer is the AUX core layer and the lower layer is the HEX core layer buffer ring structure. Under the action of explosion load, when shock wave propagates between interfaces, the wave impedance of the lower core layer is greater than that of the upper core layer, so that more shock waves are reflected back to the upper core layer, which makes negative Poisson function better than the core layer and has the best performance. The HEX core buffer ring has the best performance under double impact load, and the panel deformation is minimal.
- In the follow-up research work, the influence of structures with different negative ratio effects on the impact resistance of specimens will continue to be explored, and the characteristic parameters of structures need to be further optimized to achieve the optimal scheme of lightweight and energy absorption of protective structures. Meanwhile, the research on the energy absorption mechanism of composite structures needs to be further enhanced.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Parameter Name | Radius of Curvature | Axial Length | Panel Thickness | Core Thickness | Core Interval | Core Width |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parameter value (mm) | 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 | 60 | 1, 1.5, 2.5, 2 | 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6 | 12 | 12 |
Material | Density (kg/m3) | Young’s Modulus (GPa) | Yield Stress (MPa) | Poisson’s Ratio | Tangent Modulus (GPa) | α | β |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Al-2024 | 2680 | 72 | 75.8 | 0.33 | 0.737 | 1.76 | 1.44 × 10−4 |
Al-3104-H19 | 2720 | 69 | 262 | 0.34 | 0.69 | 2.63 | 2.17 × 10−4 |
0 | 0 | 0.22 | 0 | 0 | |
590 | 140 | 320 | 42 | 3.3 × 105 | |
2.21 | 0.45 | 4.66 | 1.42 | 2.45 |
Inside Diameter (mm) | Outside Diameter (mm) | Virtual Density (kg/m3) | Quality (kg) |
---|---|---|---|
15 | 25 | 53.05 | 1 |
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Zhang, B.; Feng, S. A Comparative Study on Impact Resistance of Cylindrical Structures with Cushioning Energy Absorbing Rings under Double Impact Loading. Materials 2024, 17, 595. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17030595
Zhang B, Feng S. A Comparative Study on Impact Resistance of Cylindrical Structures with Cushioning Energy Absorbing Rings under Double Impact Loading. Materials. 2024; 17(3):595. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17030595
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Bo, and Shunshan Feng. 2024. "A Comparative Study on Impact Resistance of Cylindrical Structures with Cushioning Energy Absorbing Rings under Double Impact Loading" Materials 17, no. 3: 595. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17030595