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Review

Transformation and Detoxification of Typical Metallurgical Hazardous Waste into a Resource: A Review of the Development of Harmless Treatment and Utilization in China

by
Yuanhang Wang
1,
Haiquan Zhao
2,
Xinyu Wang
2,
Junkai Chong
1,
Xiangtao Huo
1,*,
Min Guo
1 and
Mei Zhang
1,*
1
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2
School of Vanadium and Titanium, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2024, 17(4), 931; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17040931
Submission received: 8 January 2024 / Revised: 5 February 2024 / Accepted: 10 February 2024 / Published: 17 February 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmentally Friendly Materials)
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Abstract

The production process of the metallurgical industry generates a significant quantity of hazardous waste. At present, the common disposal method for metallurgical hazardous waste is landfilling, which synchronously leads to the leaching of toxic elements and the loss of valuable metals. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the research progress in the harmless treatment and resource utilization of stainless steel dust/sludge (including stainless steel dust and stainless steel pickling sludge) and aluminum ash (including primary aluminum ash and secondary aluminum dross), which serve as representative hazardous wastes in ferrous metallurgy and nonferrous metallurgy, respectively. Additionally, the general steps involved in the comprehensive utilization of metallurgical hazardous waste are summarized. Finally, this paper provides a prospective analysis on the future development and research trends of comprehensive utilization for metallurgical hazardous waste, aiming to offer a basis for the future harmless, high-value, resource-based treatment of metallurgical hazardous waste and the realization of industrial applications in China.
Keywords: metallurgical hazardous waste; stainless steel dust/sludge; aluminum ash; harmless treatment; resource utilization metallurgical hazardous waste; stainless steel dust/sludge; aluminum ash; harmless treatment; resource utilization

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, Y.; Zhao, H.; Wang, X.; Chong, J.; Huo, X.; Guo, M.; Zhang, M. Transformation and Detoxification of Typical Metallurgical Hazardous Waste into a Resource: A Review of the Development of Harmless Treatment and Utilization in China. Materials 2024, 17, 931. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17040931

AMA Style

Wang Y, Zhao H, Wang X, Chong J, Huo X, Guo M, Zhang M. Transformation and Detoxification of Typical Metallurgical Hazardous Waste into a Resource: A Review of the Development of Harmless Treatment and Utilization in China. Materials. 2024; 17(4):931. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17040931

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Yuanhang, Haiquan Zhao, Xinyu Wang, Junkai Chong, Xiangtao Huo, Min Guo, and Mei Zhang. 2024. "Transformation and Detoxification of Typical Metallurgical Hazardous Waste into a Resource: A Review of the Development of Harmless Treatment and Utilization in China" Materials 17, no. 4: 931. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17040931

APA Style

Wang, Y., Zhao, H., Wang, X., Chong, J., Huo, X., Guo, M., & Zhang, M. (2024). Transformation and Detoxification of Typical Metallurgical Hazardous Waste into a Resource: A Review of the Development of Harmless Treatment and Utilization in China. Materials, 17(4), 931. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17040931

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