Anodization Mechanism on SiC Nanoparticle Reinforced Al Matrix Composites Produced by Power Metallurgy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Raw Materials Characterization
Powders | Average particles size distribution | ||
---|---|---|---|
As-Received Al | 7.70 ± 5.57 µm | ||
As-Received SiC | 0.07 µm | 0.50 µm | 2.40 µm |
Material | Al | Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Cr | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
As-received Al | 99.60 | 0.13 | 0.18 | 0.01 | >0.01 | >0.01 | |
60-min milled | Al | 99.50 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.01 | >0.01 | >0.01 |
Al/1 vol% SiCnp | 98.00 | 1.69 | 0.20 | 0.01 | 0.03 | >0.01 | |
Al/5 vol% SiCnp | 94.50 | 5.05 | 0.26 | 0.03 | 0.13 | >0.01 | |
Al/10 vol% SiCnp | 89.80 | 9.66 | 0.31 | 0.02 | 0.14 | 0.02 |
2.2. Microstructure of Al/SiCnp Composites after Sintering
at% | C | O | Al | Si | Mn | Fe |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spectrum 1 | 2.49 | 3.22 | 92.64 | 1.76 | – | – |
Spectrum 2 | 20.12 | 10.33 | 52.02 | 17.53 | – | – |
Spectrum 3 | 8.73 | 7.40 | 32.90 | 50.97 | – | – |
Spectrum 4 | 8.09 | 13.97 | 56.29 | 12.14 | 0.85 | 8.65 |
2.3. Surface Modification of Al/SiCnp by Alkaline Etching and De-Smutting
2.4. Anodizing of Al/SiCnp Composites in TSA Bath
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Materials
3.2. Metallographic Preparation and SEM Analysis
3.3. Pretreatment and Anodizing Surface Treatment
4. Conclusions
- Specimens of unreinforced Al-PM alloy and nanosized Al/SiCp composites produced by PM were anodized in tartaric-sulfuric acid at 20 V to study the ability of this surface treatment to fabricate homogeneous anodic films with potential protective properties for the SiCnp-reinforced Al-MMCs.
- The current density versus time response reveals that the SiCnp reinforcement volume fraction influences the anodizing mechanism.
- The increasing content of nanosized SiC particles in Al composites induces a rise of the current density values due to the partial oxidation of the SiCnp. These particles are finally occluded in the film due to the preferential oxidation of the surrounding Al matrix. The presence of gas-filled voids throughout the cross-section of the anodizing film reveals the uniform entrapment of the SiCnp within the anodic film.
- SiC particles in the nanoscale range and with contents of about 1% and 5% decrease the efficiency of the anodizing process and hinder the film formation, but still, a continuous anodic oxide layer covers the surface; conversely, if the content is too high (10%), particles agglomerate, shielding the matrix, and the film is not formed.
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ferreira, S.C.; Conde, A.; Arenas, M.A.; Rocha, L.A.; Velhinho, A. Anodization Mechanism on SiC Nanoparticle Reinforced Al Matrix Composites Produced by Power Metallurgy. Materials 2014, 7, 8151-8167. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma7128151
Ferreira SC, Conde A, Arenas MA, Rocha LA, Velhinho A. Anodization Mechanism on SiC Nanoparticle Reinforced Al Matrix Composites Produced by Power Metallurgy. Materials. 2014; 7(12):8151-8167. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma7128151
Chicago/Turabian StyleFerreira, Sonia C., Ana Conde, María A. Arenas, Luis A. Rocha, and Alexandre Velhinho. 2014. "Anodization Mechanism on SiC Nanoparticle Reinforced Al Matrix Composites Produced by Power Metallurgy" Materials 7, no. 12: 8151-8167. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma7128151