Abstract
The advance of spring phenology and the delay of autumn phenology caused by global warming have been documented by many studies. However, most research has focused on natural areas, with limited studies conducted on phenological observations in urban environments. Here, we selected the first flowering date (FFD), first leaf date (FLD), and leaf coloring date (LCD) at three sites (Beijing, Harbin, and Mudanjiang) from the China Phenological Observation Network. We analyzed the phenological changes of 84 species between 1963–1991 and 1992–2020 to examine their response to urban warming. We then quantified the correlations and regressions between phenological events and preseason temperature. The results show the following: (1) Among the three sites, the mean FFD and FLD were earliest in Beijing, while the mean LCD occurred earliest in Harbin and latest in Beijing. (2) FFD and FLD exhibited a significant trend towards earlier occurrences at all three sites, while LCD showed a significant delay trend except for the Mudanjiang site. Specifically, at the Beijing, Harbin, and Mudanjiang sites, the mean FFD advanced by 8.32 days, 6.11 days, and 2.60 days in the latter period (p < 0.05), whereas the mean FLD advanced by 11.30 days, 7.21 days, and 5.02 days (p < 0.05), respectively. (3) In Beijing, Harbin, and Mudanjiang, both FFD and FLD were significantly negatively correlated with preseason temperature. However, no consistent relationship was observed between LCD and preseason temperature. These results enhance our understanding of the response of plant phenology to urban warming.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Cao, L.; Lin, S.; Liu, W.; Gao, C.; Bai, W.; Zhu, M.; Hao, Y.; Hao, X.; Dai, J.
Shifts in Plant Phenology and Its Responses to Climate Warming in Three Temperate Cities of China during 1963–2020. Forests 2024, 15, 1712.
https://doi.org/10.3390/f15101712
AMA Style
Cao L, Lin S, Liu W, Gao C, Bai W, Zhu M, Hao Y, Hao X, Dai J.
Shifts in Plant Phenology and Its Responses to Climate Warming in Three Temperate Cities of China during 1963–2020. Forests. 2024; 15(10):1712.
https://doi.org/10.3390/f15101712
Chicago/Turabian Style
Cao, Lijuan, Shaozhi Lin, Wei Liu, Chengxi Gao, Wenrui Bai, Mengyao Zhu, Yulong Hao, Xingming Hao, and Junhu Dai.
2024. "Shifts in Plant Phenology and Its Responses to Climate Warming in Three Temperate Cities of China during 1963–2020" Forests 15, no. 10: 1712.
https://doi.org/10.3390/f15101712
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