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Open AccessArticle
Occurrence of Circulating Antibodies against the Hemagglutinins of Influenza Viruses in the 2022/2023 Epidemic Season in Poland
by
Katarzyna Kondratiuk
Katarzyna Kondratiuk 1,*
,
Anna Poznańska
Anna Poznańska 2,
Karol Szymański
Karol Szymański 1
,
Emilia Czajkowska
Emilia Czajkowska 1
,
Bartosz Mańkowski
Bartosz Mańkowski 1
and
Lidia B. Brydak
Lidia B. Brydak 1
1
Laboratory of Influenza Viruses and Respiratory Viruses, Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health NIH—National Research Institute, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
2
Department of Population Health Monitoring and Analysis, National Institute of Public Health NIH—National Research Institute, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2024, 16(7), 1105; https://doi.org/10.3390/v16071105 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 17 May 2024
/
Revised: 28 June 2024
/
Accepted: 3 July 2024
/
Published: 9 July 2024
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the level of anti-hemagglutinin antibodies in blood sera collected from patients during the 2022/2023 epidemic season in Poland. A total of 700 sera samples from patients across the country were tested. The samples were divided into seven groups according to the age of the patients, with 100 samples from each age group. The hemagglutination inhibition test (OZHA) was used to determine the level of anti-hemagglutinin antibodies. The test results have confirmed the presence of anti-hemagglutinin antibodies for antigens A/Victoria/2570/2019 (H1N1)pdm09, A/Darwin/9/2021 (H3N2), B/Austria/1359417/2021 (B/Yamagata lineage) and B/ Phuket/3073/2013 (B/Victoria lineage) present in the influenza vaccine recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the 2022/2023 epidemic season. The highest geometric mean antibody titres (GMT) and protection rate values (%) were recorded for hemagglutinin A/H3N2. In Poland, in the 2022/2023 epidemic season, the percentage of the population vaccinated against influenza was 5.7%. Therefore, the test results can be interpreted as the response of the immune system in patients who have been previously infected with an influenza virus.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Kondratiuk, K.; Poznańska, A.; Szymański, K.; Czajkowska, E.; Mańkowski, B.; Brydak, L.B.
Occurrence of Circulating Antibodies against the Hemagglutinins of Influenza Viruses in the 2022/2023 Epidemic Season in Poland. Viruses 2024, 16, 1105.
https://doi.org/10.3390/v16071105
AMA Style
Kondratiuk K, Poznańska A, Szymański K, Czajkowska E, Mańkowski B, Brydak LB.
Occurrence of Circulating Antibodies against the Hemagglutinins of Influenza Viruses in the 2022/2023 Epidemic Season in Poland. Viruses. 2024; 16(7):1105.
https://doi.org/10.3390/v16071105
Chicago/Turabian Style
Kondratiuk, Katarzyna, Anna Poznańska, Karol Szymański, Emilia Czajkowska, Bartosz Mańkowski, and Lidia B. Brydak.
2024. "Occurrence of Circulating Antibodies against the Hemagglutinins of Influenza Viruses in the 2022/2023 Epidemic Season in Poland" Viruses 16, no. 7: 1105.
https://doi.org/10.3390/v16071105
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