Development of Folate-Functionalized PEGylated Zein Nanoparticles for Ligand-Directed Delivery of Paclitaxel
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Synthesis and Characterization of Folate-PEG
2.3. Preparation and Characterization of PTX/Zein-FA
2.4. Characterization of PTX/Zein-FA
2.4.1. Particle Size and Zeta Potential
2.4.2. Morphological Characterization
2.4.3. FTIR Analysis
2.4.4. X-ray Diffraction Analysis
2.4.5. Colloidal Stability
2.4.6. Encapsulation Efficiency and Loading Capacity
2.5. In Vitro Release Study
2.6. In Vitro Cytotoxicity
2.7. In Vitro Cellular Study
2.7.1. Intracellular Uptake Efficacy
2.7.2. Live Cell Analysis
2.7.3. Cell Cycle Analysis
2.7.4. Cell Migration Studies
2.7.5. Western Blot Analysis
2.8. In Vivo Imaging and Biodistribution Analysis
2.9. In Vivo Antitumor Efficacy
2.10. Histopathological Characterization
2.11. Statistical Analyses
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Preparation and Characterization of PTX/Zein-FAs
3.2. In Vitro Cellular Assays for PTX/Zein-FA
3.3. In Vivo Imaging and Biodistribution Study
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviation
ABS | Acetate-buffered saline |
AO | Acridine orange |
DL | Drug loading |
DLS | Dynamic light scattering |
DMSO | dimethyl sulfoxide |
DCC | N’,N’-dicyclohexyl carbodiimide |
EE | Encapsulation efficiency |
EDC | 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl amino propyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride |
FACS | Fluorescence-activated cell sorting |
FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
FTIR | Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy |
HPLC | High performance liquid chromatography |
H&E | Hematoxylin and eosin staining |
1H NMR | proton nuclear magnetic resonance |
LC | loading capacity |
MTT | 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide |
NHS | N-hydroxy succinimide |
PTX | Paclitaxel |
PTX/Zein NPs | Paclitaxel loaded zein nanoparticles |
PTX/Zein-FA | Paclitaxel loaded zein nanoparticles conjugated with folate |
PBS | Phosphate-buffered saline |
PEG | Polyethylene Glycol |
PI | Propidium iodide |
XRD | X-ray diffraction |
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Soe, Z.C.; Ou, W.; Gautam, M.; Poudel, K.; Kim, B.K.; Pham, L.M.; Phung, C.D.; Jeong, J.-H.; Jin, S.G.; Choi, H.-G.; et al. Development of Folate-Functionalized PEGylated Zein Nanoparticles for Ligand-Directed Delivery of Paclitaxel. Pharmaceutics 2019, 11, 562. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11110562
Soe ZC, Ou W, Gautam M, Poudel K, Kim BK, Pham LM, Phung CD, Jeong J-H, Jin SG, Choi H-G, et al. Development of Folate-Functionalized PEGylated Zein Nanoparticles for Ligand-Directed Delivery of Paclitaxel. Pharmaceutics. 2019; 11(11):562. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11110562
Chicago/Turabian StyleSoe, Zar Chi, Wenquan Ou, Milan Gautam, Kishwor Poudel, Bo Kyun Kim, Le Minh Pham, Cao Dai Phung, Jee-Heon Jeong, Sung Giu Jin, Han-Gon Choi, and et al. 2019. "Development of Folate-Functionalized PEGylated Zein Nanoparticles for Ligand-Directed Delivery of Paclitaxel" Pharmaceutics 11, no. 11: 562. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11110562