Ent-Peniciherqueinone Suppresses Acetaldehyde-Induced Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress by Inducing ALDH and Suppressing MAPK Signaling
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Purification and Identification of Ent-Peniciherqueinone (EPQ)
2.2. Cell Culture
2.3. Antibodies and Reagents
2.4. Cell Viability Assay and Anti-Acetaldehyde Activity Assay
2.5. Nuclear Staining with Hoechst 33342 and Propidium Iodide (PI)
2.6. Annexin V/PI Staining
2.7. DPPH Assay
2.8. In Vitro GSH-Glo Assay
2.9. Cellular H2O2 Generation Assay
2.10. Measurement of Intracellular Oxidative Stress
2.11. Detection of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (ΔΨm)
2.12. Western Blot Analysis
2.13. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. EPQ Effectively Suppresses Acetaldehyde-Induced Cytotoxicity in PC12 Cells
3.2. Protective Effects of EPQ against Acetaldehyde-Induced Oxidative Stress
3.3. EPQ Enhances Antioxidant Enzyme Expression in Acetaldehyde-Treated PC12 Cells
3.4. EPQ Enhances ALDH Expression in Acetaldehyde-Treated PC12 Cells
3.5. EPQ Treatment Reduces Acetaldehyde-Induced MAPK Phosphorylation in PC12 Cells
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Oh, T.; Kwon, M.; Yu, J.S.; Jang, M.; Kim, G.-H.; Kim, K.H.; Ko, S.-K.; Ahn, J.S. Ent-Peniciherqueinone Suppresses Acetaldehyde-Induced Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress by Inducing ALDH and Suppressing MAPK Signaling. Pharmaceutics 2020, 12, 1229. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12121229
Oh T, Kwon M, Yu JS, Jang M, Kim G-H, Kim KH, Ko S-K, Ahn JS. Ent-Peniciherqueinone Suppresses Acetaldehyde-Induced Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress by Inducing ALDH and Suppressing MAPK Signaling. Pharmaceutics. 2020; 12(12):1229. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12121229
Chicago/Turabian StyleOh, Taehoon, Mincheol Kwon, Jae Sik Yu, Mina Jang, Gun-Hee Kim, Ki Hyun Kim, Sung-Kyun Ko, and Jong Seog Ahn. 2020. "Ent-Peniciherqueinone Suppresses Acetaldehyde-Induced Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress by Inducing ALDH and Suppressing MAPK Signaling" Pharmaceutics 12, no. 12: 1229. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12121229