The Effect of Encapsulated Apigenin Nanoparticles on HePG-2 Cells through Regulation of P53
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals and Reagents
2.2. Fabrication of Albumin-Folic Acid
2.3. Fabrication of Apigenin NPs
Characterization
2.4. Determination of Encapsulation Efficiency
2.5. In Vitro Drug Release Study
2.6. Cellular Uptake and Targeting Capacity
2.7. MTT Assay
2.8. Annexin/PI Assay
2.9. Cell Cycle Examination
2.10. Real-Time PCR
2.11. Immunohistochemical Analysis of Bcl-2 Protein
2.12. Antioxidant Assay
2.13. Bio-Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Size, Shape and Characteristics of the Encapsulated Apigenin
3.2. In Vitro Drug Release
3.3. Demonstration of the Targeting Capacity of the Nanoparticles
3.4. In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity
3.5. Ap-CH-BSA-FANPs Treatment Promotes HePG-2 Cell Apoptosis
3.6. Ap-CH-BSA-FANPs Induced Cell Cycle Arrest
3.7. Ap-CH-BSA-FANPs Treatment Up-Regulated p53 and Caspase 9 and Down-Regulated MMP9 Genes Expression
3.8. Ap-CH-BSA-FANPs Treatment Down-Regulated Bcl-2 in a Concentration Dependent Manner
3.9. Ap-CH-BSA-FANPs Treatment Increased SOD Level and Inhibited CAT Activity
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Compounds | HePG-2 | Hela |
---|---|---|
Apigenin | 57.86 ± 2.9 | 74.71 ± 3.6 |
Free capsule nanoparticles | 556.3 ± 71.5 *,# | 251.2 ± 29.7 *,# |
Encapsulated apigenin | 11.49 ± 0.9 * | 15.16 ± 1.2 * |
Encapsulated apigenin + DOX | 7.76 ± 0.6 * | 10.53 ± 0.9 * |
Encapsulated apigenin + Cis | 24.63 ± 2.1 *,# | 14.93 ± 1.2 * |
DOX | 3.93 ± 0.2 *,# | 4.34 ± 0.3 *,# |
Cis | 9.53 ± 0.7 * | 6.63 ± 0.05 *,# |
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Mabrouk Zayed, M.M.; Sahyon, H.A.; Hanafy, N.A.N.; El-Kemary, M.A. The Effect of Encapsulated Apigenin Nanoparticles on HePG-2 Cells through Regulation of P53. Pharmaceutics 2022, 14, 1160. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14061160
Mabrouk Zayed MM, Sahyon HA, Hanafy NAN, El-Kemary MA. The Effect of Encapsulated Apigenin Nanoparticles on HePG-2 Cells through Regulation of P53. Pharmaceutics. 2022; 14(6):1160. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14061160
Chicago/Turabian StyleMabrouk Zayed, Mayada Mohamed, Heba A. Sahyon, Nemany A. N. Hanafy, and Maged A. El-Kemary. 2022. "The Effect of Encapsulated Apigenin Nanoparticles on HePG-2 Cells through Regulation of P53" Pharmaceutics 14, no. 6: 1160. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14061160