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Pharmaceutics
Volume 14
Issue 9
10.3390/pharmaceutics14091815
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Article

Expert Systems for Predicting the Bioavailability of Sun Filters in Cosmetic Products, Software vs. Expert Formulator: The Benzophenone-3 Case

by
Anna Baldisserotto
1,
Erika Baldini
1,2,
Sara Ravarotto
2,
Elena Cesa
1,
Daniela De Lucia
3,
Elisa Durini
1,2,
Silvia Vertuani
1,2,*,
Stefano Manfredini
1,2,* and
Bozena B. Michniak-Kohn
4
1
Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Section of Medicinal and Health Products, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
2
Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
3
DLD Scientific LLC, United State Corporation Agent, Inc., Pine Brook, NJ 07058, USA
4
Center for Dermal Research (CDR) & Laboratory for Drug Delivery (LDD) Life Sciences Building, Rutgers—The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(9), 1815; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14091815
Submission received: 7 June 2022 / Revised: 18 August 2022 / Accepted: 21 August 2022 / Published: 29 August 2022
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Abstract

There are only a limited number of molecules in a cosmetic formulation, which can passively cross the stratum corneum and be absorbed into the skin layers. However, some actives should never cross the skin in large concentrations due to their potential for side effects, for example, sunscreens. Artificial intelligence is gaining an increasing role as a predictive tool, and in this regard, we selected the Formulating for Efficacy® Software to forecast the changes in bioavailability of selected topical cosmetic compounds. Using the Franz diffusion cell methodology, various oils were selected as those with low release capability, and these were compared to those suggested by the software in Benzophenone-3-containing formulations. The software was able to predict the lipophilic phases, which, if utilized in the emulsion, were stable and sometimes even more pleasant in appearance and consistency than the reference emulsions prepared by the formulator. To date, however, Formulating for Efficacy® Software still has limitations as far as predicting the hydrophilic phase, as well as not being able to choose the emulsifier or the preservative system.
Keywords: Formulating for Efficacy® Software; Benzophenone-3; sunscreens UV filters; expert formulator Formulating for Efficacy® Software; Benzophenone-3; sunscreens UV filters; expert formulator

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MDPI and ACS Style

Baldisserotto, A.; Baldini, E.; Ravarotto, S.; Cesa, E.; De Lucia, D.; Durini, E.; Vertuani, S.; Manfredini, S.; Michniak-Kohn, B.B. Expert Systems for Predicting the Bioavailability of Sun Filters in Cosmetic Products, Software vs. Expert Formulator: The Benzophenone-3 Case. Pharmaceutics 2022, 14, 1815. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14091815

AMA Style

Baldisserotto A, Baldini E, Ravarotto S, Cesa E, De Lucia D, Durini E, Vertuani S, Manfredini S, Michniak-Kohn BB. Expert Systems for Predicting the Bioavailability of Sun Filters in Cosmetic Products, Software vs. Expert Formulator: The Benzophenone-3 Case. Pharmaceutics. 2022; 14(9):1815. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14091815

Chicago/Turabian Style

Baldisserotto, Anna, Erika Baldini, Sara Ravarotto, Elena Cesa, Daniela De Lucia, Elisa Durini, Silvia Vertuani, Stefano Manfredini, and Bozena B. Michniak-Kohn. 2022. "Expert Systems for Predicting the Bioavailability of Sun Filters in Cosmetic Products, Software vs. Expert Formulator: The Benzophenone-3 Case" Pharmaceutics 14, no. 9: 1815. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14091815

APA Style

Baldisserotto, A., Baldini, E., Ravarotto, S., Cesa, E., De Lucia, D., Durini, E., Vertuani, S., Manfredini, S., & Michniak-Kohn, B. B. (2022). Expert Systems for Predicting the Bioavailability of Sun Filters in Cosmetic Products, Software vs. Expert Formulator: The Benzophenone-3 Case. Pharmaceutics, 14(9), 1815. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14091815

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